{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T12:00:06Z","timestamp":1789646406758,"version":"4.0.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,6]],"date-time":"2016-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1452038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":5,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"CICYT-FEDER","award":["AGL 2013-43328-P"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AGL 2013-43328-P"]}]},{"name":"CICYT-FEDER","award":["GV BFI-2010-229"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GV BFI-2010-229"]}]},{"name":"CICYT-FEDER","award":["DGA A-26"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DGA A-26"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Melatonin is a ubiquitous molecule found in a wide range of fluids, one of them being ram seminal plasma, in which it can reach higher concentrations than those found in blood, suggesting an extrapineal secretion by the reproductive tract. In order to identify the source of the melatonin found in ram seminal plasma, we first tried to determine whether the melatonin levels were maintained during the day. For this purpose, melatonin concentrations were measured in seminal plasma obtained from first ejaculates of six rams at 6:00 a.m. in total darkness, at 10:00 a.m. and at 14:00 p.m. The melatonin concentration was higher (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in ejaculates collected at 6:00 a.m. than at 10:00 and 14:00. There was no statistical difference between the latter. To further corroborate an extrapineal secretion of melatonin, the presence of the two key enzymes involved in melatonin synthesis, arylalkylamine\u2010N\u2010acetyltransferase (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AANAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) and N\u2010acetylserotonin\u2010O\u2010methyltransferase (\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    ) was analyzed by\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    , q\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and Western\u2010blot in ram testes, epididymis, and accessory glands. The\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    \u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    showed the presence of the m\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    codifying both\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AANAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASTM<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in all the tissues under study, but the q\u2010\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and Western\u2010blot revealed that gene expression of these enzymes was significantly higher in the testis (\n                    <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Immunohistochemistry confirmed the presence of\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AANAT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    and\n                    <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ASMT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                    in the testis and revealed that they were found in the Leydig cells, spermatocytes, and spermatids. Also, measurable levels of melatonin were found in testicular tissue and the tail of the epididymis. In conclusion, our study indicates that the testes are one of the likely sources of the high levels of melatonin found in ram seminal plasma, at least during the day.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12117","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,8]],"date-time":"2016-01-08T00:26:31Z","timestamp":1452212791000},"page":"163-171","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Evidence of melatonin synthesis in the ram reproductive tract"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Gonzalez\u2010Arto","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. R dos S.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dpto. de Reprodu\u00e7\u00e3o Animal da Faculdade de Medicina Veterinaria e Zootecnia da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gallego","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Patolog\u00eda Animal Facultad de Veterinaria Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Gaspar\u2010Torrubia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Serrano\u2010Blesa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.A.","family":"Abecia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"P\u00e9rez\u2010P\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T.","family":"Mui\u00f1o\u2010Blanco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo Biolog\u00eda y Fisiolog\u00eda de la Reproducci\u00f3n Facultad de Veterinaria Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n de Ciencias Ambientales de Arag\u00f3n (IUCA) Universidad de Zaragoza Zaragoza Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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