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A long\u2010term follow\u2010up study of men with previous UDT was performed. Fifty men with congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> who had undergone orchiopexy at childhood age, 49 men with acquired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> after a \u2018wait\u2010and\u2010see\u2019\u2010protocol (e.g. awaiting spontaneous descent until puberty and perform an orchiopexy in case of non\u2010decent), and 22 healthy proven fertile men were included. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> fragmentation index (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFI<\/jats:styled-content>) using sperm chromatin structure assay (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SCSA<\/jats:styled-content>) was used to express the level of sperm DNA damage. Decreased fertility potential was considered if <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFI<\/jats:styled-content> was above 30%. Sperm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> damage was not statistically different between cases of congenital and acquired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content>. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DFI<\/jats:styled-content> was significantly more often &gt;30% in the complete group of men with congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> (9\/50; 18%) and in the subgroup with bilateral congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> (3\/7; 43%) in comparison with the controls (none) (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u2010value 0.049 and 0.01, respectively). Age at orchiopexy in congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> had no statistical effect on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> damage. In men with acquired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> DFI<\/jats:styled-content> did not statistically differ between those having undergone orchiopexy and those experiencing spontaneous descent. This study supports the hypothesis that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> is a spectrum representing both congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> and acquired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content>. Sperm <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DNA<\/jats:styled-content> damage at adult age is not influenced by age at orchiopexy in congenital <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> cases and by orchiopexy or spontaneous descent in acquired <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">UDT<\/jats:styled-content> cases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12384","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,21]],"date-time":"2017-06-21T21:32:52Z","timestamp":1498080772000},"page":"838-843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sperm <scp>DNA<\/scp> damage measured by sperm chromatin structure assay in men with a history of undescended testes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0394-4723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J.","family":"van Brakel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Erasmus MC Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Dinkelman\u2010Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Erasmus MC Rotterdam Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. 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