{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,21]],"date-time":"2025-02-21T19:58:03Z","timestamp":1740167883764,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,14]],"date-time":"2017-07-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1499990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002301","name":"Eesti Teadusagentuur","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IUT34\u201019","PUT181"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IUT34\u201019","PUT181"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002301","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Prostatitis classification as well as treatment decisions are primarily based on differentiation of the inflammatory status in prostate\u2010specific material. At the same time, methods used for detection of inflammation are semi\u2010quantitative and not finally standardized. The main aim of this study was to suggest more precise methods for detection of prostate inflammatory status. Additional aims were to define optimal cut\u2010off points of various tests in order to discriminate between inflammatory and non\u2010inflammatory condition and to analyze the prevalence of inflammatory prostatitis in the groups of symptomatic prostatitis, lower urinary tract symptoms and control subjects. This prospective study included 541 patients (with prostatitis symptoms, with lower urinary tract symptoms and controls) at Tartu University Hospital, Estonia. Leukocyte counts in first\u2010void urine, expressed prostatic secretion and post\u2010massage urine as well as interleukin\u20106 in prostate secretion specimens were determined. Based on <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ROC<\/jats:styled-content> curve analysis, we detected potential normal values for leukocytes in expressed prostatic secretion (&lt;0.5\u00a0<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>\/mL), leukocytes in post\u2010massage urine (&lt;4 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">WBC<\/jats:styled-content>s per <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPF<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20106 in prostatic secretion (&lt;50\u00a0nmol\/mL). Using these newly defined normal values, we detected inflammatory reaction in prostate\u2010specific materials in 24.3%, 53.4% and 69% in control, lower urinary tract symptoms and prostatitis group, respectively. Limitation: only subjects with prostatic fluid volume &gt;0.04\u00a0mL were included. We propose standardized method for analysis of inflammatory reaction in prostate\u2010specific materials. Based on these newly defined normal values, we verified high prevalence of inflammatory forms of disease in both study groups, but also high prevalence of asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis among control group of Estonian men. Combining results of analysis of the different inflammatory markers from available prostate\u2010specific materials allows us to differentiate better between inflammatory and non\u2010inflammatory forms of prostate diseases and hence to choose more precise treatment strategies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12386","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,14]],"date-time":"2017-07-14T21:36:38Z","timestamp":1500068198000},"page":"958-963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Inflammatory reaction found in prostate\u2010specific material \u2013 method standardization and proposed optimal cut\u2010off points"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9615-0481","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P.","family":"Korrovits","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology Centre Tartu University Hospital Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Poolamets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology Centre Tartu University Hospital Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"M\u00e4ndar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Institute of Biomedicine and Translational Medicine University of Tartu Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Punab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrology Centre Tartu University Hospital Tartu Estonia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000019784"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)63959-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0090-4295(91)80175-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc2090"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/16.3.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar1917"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(00)00844-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1439-0272.2005.00676.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eururo.2006.05.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2007.12.082"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2007.08.028"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2009.02.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01485019808988545"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00042307-199801000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","first-page":"9","volume-title":"Urologic Diseases in America","author":"McNaughton CM","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","first-page":"492","article-title":"Bacteriologic localization patterns in bacterial prostatitis and urethritis","volume":"5","author":"Meares EM","year":"1968","journal-title":"Invest Urol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65627-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)67497-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","unstructured":"National Institutes of Health Summary Statement. 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