{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T20:12:27Z","timestamp":1767211947182,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506384000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100001698","name":"Israel Cancer Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100001698","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008009","name":"Environment and Health Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RGA 1002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGA 1002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008009","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Testicular germ cell tumors (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content>) are the most frequent cancer among young men, with increasing incidence worldwide. Advanced paternal age has been linked to adverse health outcomes in offspring, but reports on the association of paternal age with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content> are few and inconsistent. We aimed to examine the relationship of paternal age (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAB<\/jats:styled-content>) at birth with the risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content> and by histologic type: seminoma and non\u2010seminoma. A population\u2010based cohort of 1,056,058 males, examined at ages 16\u201319 between the years 1980\u20132011, was linked to the Israel National Cancer Registry to obtain incident <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content> through 2012. We applied multivariable Cox regression. During 16.5\u00a0million person\u2010years of follow\u2010up, 1247 incident cases (604 seminomas and 643 non\u2010seminomas) were detected. Increasing <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAB<\/jats:styled-content> was linearly associated with lower risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>per year<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.983, 95% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>: 0.974\u20130.993, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), after adjustment for year of birth, years of education, height, cryptorchidism history and origin, and also with additional adjustment for maternal age at birth (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MAB<\/jats:styled-content>) (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>per year<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.980: 0.965\u20130.995, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.008). The association was stronger for seminoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>per year<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.968: 0.946\u20130.989, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.004) and persisted in a subset adjusted for sibship size (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content><jats:sub>per year<\/jats:sub>\u00a0=\u00a00.950: 0.917\u20130.983, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.003). In the fully adjusted model, young <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAB<\/jats:styled-content> (15\u201324 vs. \u226530) was a risk factor for seminoma (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a01.41: 1.07\u20131.85, <jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.014). In models adjusted for <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PAB<\/jats:styled-content>,<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\"> MAB<\/jats:styled-content> was not associated with risk of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content>. In conclusion, our findings suggest that young paternal age is a risk factor of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TGCT<\/jats:styled-content>, especially seminoma. The findings warrant further investigation into the possible impact of young paternal age on their offsprings\u2019 testes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12422","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,26]],"date-time":"2017-09-26T21:02:54Z","timestamp":1506459774000},"page":"1124-1130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Paternal age and risk of testicular germ cell tumors: a cohort study of 1,000,000 men"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"5","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5597-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H.","family":"Levine","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine Hebrew University\u2010Hadassah Jerusalem Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Keinan\u2010Boker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The National Cancer Registry Israel Center for Disease Control Jerusalem Israel"},{"name":"School of Public Health University of Haifa Haifa Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Leiba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Tel Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"},{"name":"Institute of Nephrology and Hypertension Sheba Medical Center Tel Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Derazne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Tel Hashomer Israel"},{"name":"Sackler Faculty of Medicine Tel\u2010Aviv University Tel Aviv Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Rais","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps Tel Hashomer Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J. 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