{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T21:45:35Z","timestamp":1790027135532,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1510790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008431","name":"Consejer\u00eda de Educaci\u00f3n, Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["(GR37)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["(GR37)"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008431","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>The origin of hypogonadism, a condition including both symptoms and biochemical criteria of androgen deficiency, in type 2 diabetes is poorly known. In a cross\u2010sectional study of 267 unselected patients, we analyzed the potential correlation of several clinical and biochemical variables as well as chronic micro\u2010 and macrovascular diabetic complications with hypogonadism. Hypogonadism was present in 46 patients (17.2%) using a cutoff of total testosterone 10.4\u00a0nmol\/L and in 31 (11.6%) with a cutoff of 8\u00a0nmol\/L. Among these patients, hypogonadotropic hypogonadism was the most prevalent form (82.6%). Compared to eugonadal subjects, hypogonadal men had significantly lower glomerular filtration rate (67.1\u00a0\u00b1\u00a023.4 vs. 78.4\u00a0\u00b1\u00a024.6\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73 m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) and higher prevalence of chronic kidney disease (43.5% vs. 20.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002), abnormal liver function tests (26.7% vs. 12%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.019), and psychiatric treatment (23.9% vs. 10.4%, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.025). Total testosterone levels correlated inversely with age (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.164, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.007), fasting blood glucose (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.127, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.037), and triglycerides (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.134, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.029) and directly with glomerular filtration rate (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.148, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015). Calculated free testosterone and bioavailable testosterone correlated directly with hemoglobin (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.171, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015 and <jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.234, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001, respectively). Multivariate logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for relevant confounding variables, showed that age &gt;60\u00a0years (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a03.58, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 95%\u00a0=\u00a01.48\u20138.69, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005), body mass index &gt;27\u00a0kg\/m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.85, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 95%\u00a0=\u00a01.14\u20137.11, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.025), hypertriglyceridemia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.16, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 95%\u00a0=\u00a01.05\u20134.41, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.035), glomerular filtration rate &lt;60\u00a0mL\/min\/1.73\u00a0m<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a02.51, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 95%\u00a0=\u00a01.19\u20135.29, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.015), and abnormal liver function tests (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OR<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0=\u00a03.57, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content> 95%\u00a0=\u00a01.48\u20138.60, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.005) were independently associated with male hypogonadism. Although older age, body mass index, and hypertriglyceridemia have been previously related to hypogonadism, our results describe that chronic kidney disease and abnormal liver function tests are independently correlated with hypogonadism in type 2 diabetic men.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12433","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]],"date-time":"2017-11-16T22:52:34Z","timestamp":1510872754000},"page":"58-63","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Clinical and biochemical correlates of male hypogonadism in type 2 diabetes"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5478-2701","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Herrero","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition University of Salamanca University Clinical Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Service of Internal Medicine University of Salamanca University Clinical Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P.","family":"Galindo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. M.","family":"Miralles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition University of Salamanca University Clinical Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. J.","family":"Corrales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Service of Endocrinology and Nutrition University of Salamanca University Clinical Hospital of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"},{"name":"Cancer Research Institute (IBMCC\u2010CSIC\/USAL) and Institute for Biomedical Research of the University of Salamanca Salamanca Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8229.122006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a115732"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2009-2354"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-0637"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2011.04196.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.289.5487.2122"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004-0804"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc09-1649"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-15-0359"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-128X(01)00147-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1507\/endocrj.K07-077"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4158\/EP09035.ORR"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2012.04401.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000299767"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2007-2177"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2265.2008.03357.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1743-6109.2010.01705.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jsm.12777"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1055-9965.EPI-06-0792"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/dc06-1426"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/eje.1.01886"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2014.03.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-12-69"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-07-0663"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/meta.2000.8625"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1011035"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2265.1997.2611108.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mce.2008.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem.84.10.6079"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE-08-0601"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_33_1","first-page":"5162167","article-title":"Risk factors for hypogonadism in male patients with type 2 diabetes","volume":"2016","author":"Zheng R","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Diab Res"}],"container-title":["Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fandr.12433","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/andr.12433","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,17]],"date-time":"2023-09-17T23:30:07Z","timestamp":1694993407000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/andr.12433"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/andr.12433"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/andr.12433","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-2919","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-2927","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2017,11,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2017-02-03","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-08-29","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2017-11-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}