{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T03:28:25Z","timestamp":1788406105588,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,21]],"date-time":"2018-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1529539200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology of the University Clinic M\u00fcnster"},{"name":"European Academy of Andrology"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,7]]},"abstract":"Summary<\/jats:title>\n \n Klinefelter syndrome (\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) and undescended testes (\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) are known etiologies for non\u2010obstructive azoospermia (\n NOA<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), and coexistence of both etiologies is not uncommon. Patients with both\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n and a history of\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n are therefore considered to have extremely reduced chances for paternity. We aimed to analyze the impact of previous surgically corrected unilateral or bilateral\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n on sperm retrieval rates (\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s) by microsurgical testicular sperm extraction (\n mTESE<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) in azoospermic men with\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . Age, testicular volumes, and hypothalamo\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis function were investigated in relation to\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in 29 non\u2010mosaic\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients (47,\n XXY<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) with a history of\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n (group 1) who underwent\n mTESE<\/jats:styled-content>\n between 2008 and 2016 in our center and compared to the data of age\u2010 and serum testosterone\u2010matched non\u2010mosaic\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n controls with eutopic testes at birth (group 2), and to those of 51 men with\n NOA<\/jats:styled-content>\n and a normal male karyotype (46,\n XY<\/jats:styled-content>\n ), but previous\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n (group 3).\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s in\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients with surgically corrected\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n during childhood were comparable to\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s of\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n patients with eutopic testes at birth: 31% (35% in unilateral and 22% in bilateral\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) vs. 38% (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.581).\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s and Leydig cell function in group 1 were negatively correlated with age. Significantly higher\n SRR<\/jats:styled-content>\n s (66%) were found in euploid azoospermic men with surgically corrected\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n (\n p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n <\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 0.001). A history of\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n does not preclude chances for future fatherhood in young azoospermic males with\n KS<\/jats:styled-content>\n . In one of three men with previous unilateral\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n and in one of 4\u20135 in those with previous bilateral\n UDT<\/jats:styled-content>\n , spermatozoa can be harvested by\n mTESE<\/jats:styled-content>\n during late adolescence or young adulthood for immediate or future use in assisted reproduction.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,22]],"date-time":"2018-06-22T01:01:02Z","timestamp":1529629262000},"page":"525-531","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["A history of undescended testes in young men with Klinefelter syndrome does not reduce the chances for successful microsurgical testicular sperm extraction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6139-7513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"M. W.","family":"Ragab","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"},{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Cairo University Cairo Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010F.","family":"Cremers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Zitzmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Nieschlag","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Kliesch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Rohayem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Surgical Andrology Center of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of M\u00fcnster M\u00fcnster 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