{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T17:44:29Z","timestamp":1792172669188,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,17]],"date-time":"2018-07-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1531785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Premature ejaculation is one of the most common sexual disorders in men due to uncontrolled modulation of spinal reflexes controlled by cortico\u2010limbic centers in the brain. In this study, we investigate the combinatorial effects of trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor and allelic variants of the 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTTLPR<\/jats:styled-content> gene on sex steroids, hypophyseal hormones, sexual performance, and premature ejaculation assessment parameters among evidence\u2010based lifelong premature ejaculation subjects. A total of 271 outpatients (age 26.6\u00a0\u00b1\u00a01.9) consulting for evidence\u2010based lifelong premature ejaculatory dysfunction were selected in this study. The control group consists of 155 men with normal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IELT<\/jats:styled-content> (&gt;4\u00a0min). The study revealed that the subjects who have the highest (\u226526) <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAG<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> stretches depicted a significantly higher serum oxytocin levels (102.1\u00a0pg\/ml; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0126, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) compared with the control group (71.2 pg\/ml; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 75, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic> = &lt;0.001) and patients which have medium (22\u201325) and short (\u226421) <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAG<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> stretches (76.63\u00a0ng\/ml; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a064, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001 vs. 77.4\u00a0ng\/ml; <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a081, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Almost 33 (26.1%) lifelong premature ejaculatory patients had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AR<\/jats:styled-content> variant of longer (\u226526) <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CAG<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> repeats was homozygous for S alleles (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>), 45 (35.7%) was homozygous for L allele (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LL<\/jats:styled-content>), and 48 (38%) had the L\/S or S\/L genotype of 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTTLPR<\/jats:styled-content> gene. Homozygous (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>) alleles have a significant positive correlation (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.44, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) with the high score of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BDI<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">II<\/jats:styled-content> (39.1, <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0126, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). However, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">LL<\/jats:styled-content> alleles have shown a significant positive correlation with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PEDT<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.46, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and negative correlation with self\u2010estimated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IELT<\/jats:styled-content> and intercourse satisfaction (<jats:italic>r<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.35, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). The innovative study design elaborates that androgen receptor trinucleotide repeats and 5\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HTTLPR<\/jats:styled-content> genotypes have combinatorial impact on hormonal milieu and sexual function regarding evidence\u2010based lifelong premature ejaculatory dysfunction patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12518","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,19]],"date-time":"2018-07-19T03:33:51Z","timestamp":1531971231000},"page":"916-926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Serotonin transporter (5\u2010HTTLPR) genotypes and trinucleotide repeats of androgen receptor exert a combinatorial effect on hormonal milieu in patients with lifelong premature ejaculation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"H. L.","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1937-0100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S.","family":"Bhatti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Human Genetics and Molecular biology University of Health Sciences Lahore Pakistan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Education Rashid Latif Medical College Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y. L.","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lahore Institute of Fertility and Endocrinology Hameed Latif Hospital Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. M. M.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de investigacion Biomedica de Occidente IMSS Uiversidad de Guadalajara Guadalajara Jalisco Maxico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Aslamkhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics and Molecular biology University of Health Sciences Lahore Pakistan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. R.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad De Guadalajara CIBO IMSS Guadalajara Jalisco Maxico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. 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