{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:25:01Z","timestamp":1774945501031,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560297600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006765","name":"Chinese Medical Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["17020410710"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17020410710"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006765","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>infection is significantly associated with an increased risk of male infertility. To date, few large<jats:italic>M.\u00a0genitalium<\/jats:italic>studies have been conducted in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to estimate the<jats:italic>M.\u00a0genitalium<\/jats:italic>incidence and treatment failure and to provide information regarding the resistance of<jats:italic>M.\u00a0genitalium<\/jats:italic>to macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics among men of infertile couples in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study was performed as a retrospective survey of seminal and meatus urinarius secreta specimens of 30,094 men of infertile couples collected and used for microbiological tests for the evaluation of genital tract infections (<jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic>,<jats:italic>Chlamydia trachomatis,<\/jats:italic>and<jats:italic>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>) between October 2016 and December 2017.<jats:italic>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RNA<\/jats:styled-content>was detected using novel simultaneous amplification testing. Macrolide and tetracycline resistance screening was introduced using polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>) and Sanger sequencing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of<jats:italic>M.\u00a0genitalium<\/jats:italic>was 2.49% (749 of 30,094; 95% confidence interval (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>), 2.31\u20132.66%). After antibiotic treatment, the mean values of semen parameters increased from those measured before treatment. The overall incidence of treatment failure was 17.56% (82\/467; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 14.10%\u201321.02%) (112\u221226\u22124\u00a0=\u00a082), irrespective of the drug used. Resistance to macrolide and tetracycline antibiotics was detected in 58 samples (58\/60, 96.67%; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 91.99\u2013101.34%) and 27 samples (27\/60, 45.00%; 95%<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CI<\/jats:styled-content>, 32.04\u201357.96%), respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although the<jats:italic>M.\u00a0genitalium<\/jats:italic>incidence was relatively low, the detection of macrolide antibiotic resistance in &gt;96.67% of the treatment failure samples most likely explained the high azithromycin treatment failure rate (73\/195, 37.44%) in our study. These findings indicate the need to provide resistance testing and to reappraise the recommended antimicrobial options in China.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12646","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,13]],"date-time":"2019-06-13T05:44:44Z","timestamp":1560404684000},"page":"91-100","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["<i>Mycoplasma genitalium<\/i>incidence, treatment failure, and resistance: a retrospective survey of men of infertile couples from a hospital in China"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8728-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. 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