{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T19:56:24Z","timestamp":1787169384865,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]],"date-time":"2019-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1561593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado de S\u00e3o Paulo","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2012\/25350\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2012\/25350\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003151","name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec - Nature et Technologies","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["155065\u201006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["155065\u201006"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003151","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["308842\/2013\u20108 and 312118\/2017\u20101"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308842\/2013\u20108 and 312118\/2017\u20101"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n \n Studies on epididymal toxicology are scarce. Betamethasone (\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n ) is a glucocorticoid used in clinical practice for antenatal therapy. We previously reported changes to testicular morphology, altered sperm quality, and fertility in adult rats following intrauterine administration of\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objectives<\/jats:title>\n \n Given that high levels of corticosteroids during gestation lead to fetal androgen depletion, and the essential role of testosterone during epididymal development, here we investigated epididymal morphology and physiology in the F1 and F2 male offspring of female rats treated with\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n during gestation.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n \n Pregnant rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups: control (saline vehicle,\n n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 11) and\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n \u2010treated group (0.1\u00a0mg\/kg betamethasone 21\u2010phosphate disodium,\n n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 13). Rats received an intramuscular injection of vehicle or\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n on gestational days 12, 13, 18, and 19. This encompasses the beginning of the critical window of male rat reproductive tract development. A subset of three males from each litter (\n n\u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n =\n \u00a0<\/jats:italic>\n 5 litters\/group) was used: One rat per litter was euthanized at puberty, one was euthanized at adulthood, while the others were mated with a non\u2010treated female to obtain the F2 generation. The same protocol described for the F1 was applied for F2, except for the mating protocol.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n In both F1 and F2 generations, prenatal\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n exposure resulted in delayed differentiation of the cauda epididymal epithelium, characterized by increased cribriform appearance on\n PND<\/jats:styled-content>\n 45, and displayed weaker or non\u2010detectable Cx43 immunostaining. Furthermore, in the F1 generation only, immunostaining of\n TP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 63, a transcription factor expressed in basal cells, appeared more intense with a greater number of\n TP<\/jats:styled-content>\n 63\u2010positive cells observed in the cauda epididymis. In adults, the epithelial area was reduced in the F1\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n rats. The contractile activity of isolated epididymal ducts was comparable between groups.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n Prenatal\n BM<\/jats:styled-content>\n exposure leads to intergenerational impairment in the development and structure of the rat epididymis.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12657","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,28]],"date-time":"2019-06-28T01:54:04Z","timestamp":1561686844000},"page":"719-729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Prenatal exposure to betamethasone causes intergenerational impairment of epididymal development in the rat"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2112-5123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"W. G.","family":"Kempinas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology and Toxicology Morphology Department Institute of Biosciences S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C. S.","family":"Borges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology and Toxicology Morphology Department Institute of Biosciences S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. A. A.","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology and Toxicology Morphology Department Institute of Biosciences S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"T. M.","family":"Figueiredo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Biology and Toxicology Morphology Department Institute of Biosciences S\u00e3o Paulo State University (UNESP) Botucatu Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Gregory","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology INRS\u2010Institut Armand\u2010Frappier University of Quebec Laval QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6566-783X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D. G.","family":"Cyr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory for Reproductive Toxicology INRS\u2010Institut Armand\u2010Frappier University of Quebec Laval QC Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.115.133702"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","first-page":"471","article-title":"Placental transfer and metabolism of betamethasone in human pregnancy","volume":"49","author":"Anderson AB","year":"1977","journal-title":"Obstet Gynecol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cbi.2018.06.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.111.013466"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0066091"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2016.05.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tox.2016.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2017.04.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1992.tb00427.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2559.1993.tb00151.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/13813459209035274"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0192623312454337"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.2011-2160"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4161\/spmg.1.4.18948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.137.4.8625926"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/en.140.8.3815"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.reprotox.2018.08.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"De Grava KempinasWK. 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