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A nationally representative survey of final\u2010year male high school students was conducted using a validated structured interview (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a010124) and medical examination (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a03816).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Smoking (32.6%), drinking (80.6%) and use of illegal drugs (46.5%) are common in adolescence. 16.6% of subjects were overweight, 3.1% were underweight and 2.3% were obese. Among sexually active students (60.3%), unprotected sex was very common (48.3%). Only 11.6% had been treated for andrological disorders, despite an abnormal clinical examination in 34.6%. Bilateral testicular hypotrophy (14.0%), varicocoele (27.1%) and phimosis (7.1%) were the most prevalent disorders; 5.1% complained of premature ejaculation and 4.7% had an <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">STI<\/jats:styled-content>. Underweight and heavy alcohol or drug use were associated with testicular hypotrophy. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRB<\/jats:styled-content>s emerged as significant predictors of testicular hypotrophy, explaining up to 9.6% of its variance. Limitations include risk of selection bias for voluntary physical examination and recall bias for the self\u2010compiled questionnaire.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>There is an emerging global adverse trend of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HRB<\/jats:styled-content>s in male high school students. A significant proportion of adolescent males with unsuspected andrological disorders engage in behaviours that could impair testicular development.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Greater attention to the prevention of andrological health in adolescence is needed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,12]],"date-time":"2019-06-12T06:24:08Z","timestamp":1560320648000},"page":"769-777","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Risk behaviours and alcohol in adolescence are negatively associated with testicular volume: results from the Amico\u2010Andrologo survey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-8266","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"D.","family":"Gianfrilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Pathophysiology, Food Science and Endocrinology Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5817-8141","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A.","family":"Ferlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences Unit of Endocrinology and Metabolism University of Brescia Brescia Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9037-5417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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