{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T21:02:37Z","timestamp":1789074157590,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,19]],"date-time":"2019-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1563494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004366","name":"Tabriz University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004366","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Varicocoele is a swollen bulge of the pampiniform venous plexus inside the scrotum. It is also considered one of the causes of infertility in males. It has been demonstrated that hesperidin has remarkable pharmacological potentials, including antioxidant, anti\u2010inflammatory, antimicrobial, and anticarcinogenic effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of hesperidin on varicocoele\u2010induced testicular tissue damage and oxidative stress in the testicles of adult male rats.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Animals were assigned into the following groups: control group (Ctrl) or sham, varicocoele group (Vcl) which received no treatment, varicocoele group that was daily fed with hesperidin (Vcl+Hsp) at a dose of 50\u00a0mg\/kg for eight weeks, and hesperidin group (Hsp) which received only hesperidin. At the end of the treatment period, the levels of oxidative stress markers were measured in plasma, and the expression of Bax and Bcl\u20102 was determined by immunocytochemistry and\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RT<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      \u2010\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">qPCR<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      methods. The index of apoptosis was assessed by the\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TUNEL<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      assay.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Johnsen's score, the epithelium thickness, and diameter of seminiferous tubules were improved in the Vcl+Hsp group as compared to the Vcl group. Treatment with hesperidin enhanced the serum levels of glutathione peroxidase (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">GP<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      x) and superoxide dismutase (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SOD<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) enzymes and decreased the heightened concentrations of malondialdehyde (\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MDA<\/jats:styled-content>\n                      ) in testicular tissue (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Moreover, our results demonstrated that hesperidin considerably diminished Bax and increased Bcl\u20102 expression (gene and protein) levels compared with the Vcl group (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). It also markedly reduced the rate of programmed cell death in germ cells (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>It seems that the treatment with hesperidin could mitigate testicular tissue damage in rats underwent varicocoele possibly through its antioxidant properties.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12681","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,20]],"date-time":"2019-07-20T02:29:58Z","timestamp":1563589798000},"page":"249-258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Hesperidin attenuated apoptotic\u2010related genes in testicle of a male rat model of varicocoele"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"M.","family":"Shokoohi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Khaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Pathology Tabriz Branch Islamic Azad University Tabriz Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Shoorei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Women's Reproductive Health Research Center Tabriz University of Medical Sciences Tabriz Iran"},{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Birjand University of Medical Sciences Birjand Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4661-197X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A. 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