{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T23:01:47Z","timestamp":1791414107293,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,16]],"date-time":"2021-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1629072000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":341,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#am"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,9]],"date-time":"2020-09-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599609600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"Japan Society for the Promotion of Science","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JP19K18584"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP19K18584"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009033","name":"Center of Innovation Program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["JPMJCE1310"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJCE1310"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009033","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Varicocoele\u2010induced male infertility potentially involves oxidative stress. Although varicocoelectomy is recommended for varicocoele patients presenting abnormal semen findings, no pharmacotherapeutic methods currently exist. We have recently developed a silicon\u2010based agent that produces hydrogen by the reaction with water.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of oral administration of a Si\u2010based agent on varicocoele rat.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Twenty\u2010one rats were divided into four groups: varicocoele\u00a0+\u00a0normal diet (n\u00a0=\u00a05), varicocoele\u00a0+\u00a0Si\u2010based agent\u2010supplemented diet (n\u00a0=\u00a06), sham\u00a0+\u00a0normal diet (n\u00a0=\u00a05), and sham\u00a0+\u00a0Si\u2010based agent\u2010supplemented diet (n\u00a0=\u00a05). All rats were euthanized four weeks after surgery.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean left epididymal sperm motility was 74.4% in the sham group, 72.3% in the sham + Si group, 57.6% in the varicocoele group, and 66.9% in the varicocoele\u00a0+\u00a0Si group. Epididymal sperm motility was significantly lower in the varicocoele group, but was significantly higher upon Si\u2010based agent ingestion (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). The mean left testicular weight, Johnsen's score, and left epididymal sperm concentration did not differ significantly between groups. The 8\u2010OHdG concentration and DNA fragmentation rate were significantly increased in the varicocoele group, but were significantly decreased in the Si\u2010based agent intake group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01). Additionally, the IVF rate was significantly lower in the varicocoele group (26.3%) compared with the sham group (73.4%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.01), and was significantly higher in the varicocoele\u00a0+\u00a0Si group (51.8%) compared with the varicocoele group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a0.05), indicating that the Si\u2010based agent improves IVF rates.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Oral intake of the silicon\u2010based agent improves epididymal sperm motility and in vitro fertilization rates through hydrogen production and subsequent reduction of oxidative stress. Considering the lack of effective noninvasive methods, this Si\u2010based agent is potentially applicable for treating varicocoele\u2010induced abnormal semen parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12890","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,16]],"date-time":"2020-08-16T16:10:57Z","timestamp":1597594257000},"page":"376-383","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Novel hydrogen\u2010producing Si\u2010based agent reduces oxidative stress, and improves sperm motility and in vitro fertilization rate in varicocoele"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Yusuke","family":"Inagaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Suita 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