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Three FSH\u2010related single\u2010nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs),<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T (rs10835638),<jats:italic>FSHR<\/jats:italic>\u201029G&gt;A (rs1394205) and<jats:italic>FSHR<\/jats:italic>2039A&gt;G (rs6166) affect FSH action, and have been suggested to affect testicular function, but the evidence is uncertain.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To describe the associations between the three SNPs and testicular function in a large and well\u2010characterised cohort of men from the general population.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross\u2010sectional study of 2020 Danish men unselected regarding testicular function. Outcome variables were semen parameters, reproductive hormones and testis size. Genotyping was done by competitive allele\u2010specific quantitative PCR. Differences in genotype frequencies were tested by chi\u2010square test and associations between genotypes and outcomes were assessed by multivariate linear regressions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The SNPs affected serum FSH; carriers of the variant affecting FSH secretion (<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T) had lower FSH levels while carriers of variants affecting receptor expression (<jats:italic>FSHR<\/jats:italic>\u201029G&gt;A) and receptor sensitivity (<jats:italic>FSHR<\/jats:italic>2039A&gt;G) had higher FSH levels. Carriers of<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T had lower calculated free testosterone\/LH ratio. Although both<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T and<jats:italic>FSHR<\/jats:italic>2039A&gt;G were associated with smaller testis size, no clear association was detected in relation to any semen parameters, except a lower total number of morphologically normal spermatozoa in the heterozygous carriers of the<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The studied polymorphisms have only minor modulating influence on testis size and function in healthy men. We detected subtle effects of the three SNPs on FSH levels, but also effects of<jats:italic>FSHB<\/jats:italic>\u2010211G&gt;T on calculated free testosterone\/LH ratio, compatible with altered Leydig cell function. Thus, the role of these FSH\u2010related polymorphisms is complex and modest in men with normal testicular function, but the possible importance of FSH polymorphisms in men with impaired testicular function should be evaluated in future studies in more detail.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T09:50:00Z","timestamp":1606297800000},"page":"618-631","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["<i>FSHB<\/i>and<i>FSHR<\/i>gene variants exert mild modulatory effect on reproductive hormone levels and testis size but not on semen quality: A study of 2020 men from the general Danish population"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6768-8060","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anne Kirstine","family":"Bang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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