{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T05:28:12Z","timestamp":1781155692426,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Freeze\u2010thawing process negatively affects ram spermatozoa in terms of sperm quality, DNA integrity and antioxidant defence system. Thus, antioxidant supplementation of spermatozoa during freeze\u2010thawing is suggested to improve sperm parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to determine the effects of fetuin and trehalose added into ram semen extender on sperm parameters, antioxidant parameters, antioxidant\u2010related gene expressions and DNA integrity during the freeze\u2010thawing process, in low glycerol concentration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Semen samples collected from six mature rams were pooled and splitted into equal aliquots and diluted with a tris\u2010based extender containing different concentrations of glycerol (G5; %5 and G3; %3), fetuin (F; 2.5, 5 and 15\u00a0mg\/mL) and trehalose (60\u00a0m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>) as eight groups (G5F0, G5F2.5, G5F5, G5F15, G3F0, G3F2.5, G3F5 and G3F15).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>G3F5 group resulted in the highest motility, mitochondrial activity and viability and the lowest DNA fragmentation and DNA damage (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). Also, G3F0 displayed considerably more cryoprotective effect compared with G5F0 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in terms of motility, mitochondrial activity and viability rates. Lipid peroxidation levels decreased in G5F5 group compared with G5F0 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The levels of total glutathione increased in G3F2.5 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05) in comparison with the G5F0 group. <jats:italic>NQO1<\/jats:italic> gene levels were upregulated approximately twofold in G5F5, G5F15, G3F2.5, G3F5 and G3F15 groups compared with G5F0 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). The levels of <jats:italic>GCLC<\/jats:italic> gene were approximately twofold higher in G3F0, G3F2.5, G3F5 and G3F15 groups compared with G5F0 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05). <jats:italic>GSTP1<\/jats:italic> gene levels were significantly higher with different levels in all treatment groups except for G5F2.5 and G3F0 groups in comparison with G5F0 group (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.05).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Co\u2010supplementation of tris\u2010based extender having low glycerol (3%) with trehalose and fetuin to enhance the quality of ram spermatozoa after freeze\u2010thawing process is recommended.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12974","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,15]],"date-time":"2021-01-15T11:47:19Z","timestamp":1610711239000},"page":"1000-1009","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Combination of fetuin and trehalose in presence of low glycerol has beneficial effects on freeze\u2010thawed ram spermatozoa"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Mustafa Numan","family":"Bucak","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Selcuk University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6991-3727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"P\u0131nar Peker","family":"Akal\u0131n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hatay Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nazan","family":"Keskin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Histology and Embryology Faculty of Medicine Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Bodu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Selcuk University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali Erdem","family":"\u00d6zt\u00fcrk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Reproduction and Artificial Insemination Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Erciyes University Kayseri Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3107-1798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pinar","family":"\u0130li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Services and Techniques Denizli Vocational School of Health Services Pamukkale University Denizli Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00fcseyin","family":"\u00d6zkan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Hatay Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tohid Rezaei","family":"Topraggaleh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomical Sciences Faculty of Medicine Urmia University of Medical Sciences Urmia Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Halil Ozancan","family":"Arslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Republic of Turkey Ministry of Agriculture and Foresty International Center For Livestock Reseach And Training Ankara Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nuri","family":"Ba\u015fp\u0131nar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Selcuk University Konya Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u015e\u00fckr\u00fc","family":"Dursun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Faculty of Veterinary Sciences Aksaray University Aksaray Turkey"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2009.10.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anireprosci.2012.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.theriogenology.2017.07.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1939-4640.2000.tb03268.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2007.09.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cryobiol.2015.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-43011-9_51","volume-title":"Sperm cryopreservation. 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