{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T10:14:10Z","timestamp":1788430450957,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,9]],"date-time":"2021-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Circulating androgens could have a relevant pathobiological role in clinical outcomes in men with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection (COVID\u201019).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to assess: (a) circulating sex steroids levels in a cohort of 286 symptomatic men with laboratory\u2010confirmed COVID\u201019 at hospital admission compared to a cohort of 281 healthy men; and (b) the association between serum testosterone levels (tT), COVID\u201019, and clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Demographic, clinical, and hormonal values were collected for all patients. Hypogonadism was defined as tT \u22649.2\u00a0nmol\/l. The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) was used to score health\u2010significant comorbidities. Severe clinical outcomes were defined as patients either transferred to intensive care unit (ICU) or death. Descriptive statistics and multivariable linear and logistic regression models tested the association between clinical and laboratory variables and tT levels. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression models tested the association between tT and severe clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall, a significantly lower levels of LH and tT were found in patients with COVID\u201019 compared to healthy controls (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001); conversely, healthy controls depicted lower values of circulating E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001). Testosterone levels suggestive for hypogonadism were observed in 257 (89.8%) patients at hospital admission. In as many as 243 (85%) cases, hypogonadism was secondary. SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection status was independently associated with lower tT levels (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001) and greater risk of hypogonadism (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.0001), after accounting for age, BMI, CCI, and IL\u20106 values. Lower tT levels were associated with higher risk of ICU admission and death outcomes (all <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0\u2264\u00a00.05), after accounting for clinical and laboratory parameters.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>We unveil an independent association between SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infection status and secondary hypogonadism already at hospital admission, with lower testosterone levels predicting the most severe clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12993","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,26]],"date-time":"2021-02-26T17:01:03Z","timestamp":1614358863000},"page":"1043-1052","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":128,"title":["Severely low testosterone in males with COVID\u201019: A case\u2010control 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