{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T14:40:13Z","timestamp":1791470413144,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]],"date-time":"2021-11-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1636675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>An explosive increase in couples attending assisted reproductive technology has been recently observed, despite an overall success rate of about 20%\u201330%. Considering the assisted reproductive technology\u2010related economic and psycho\u2010social costs, the improvement of these percentages is extremely relevant. However, in the identification of predictive markers of assisted reproductive technology success, male parameters are largely underestimated so far.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Study design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective, observational study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate whether conventional semen parameters could predict assisted reproductive technology success.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All couples attending a single third\u2010level fertility center from 1992 to 2020 were retrospectively enrolled, collecting all semen and assisted reproductive technology parameters of fresh cycles. Fertilization rate was the primary end\u2010point, representing a parameter immediately dependent on male contribution. Pregnancy and live birth rates were considered in relation to semen variables. Statistical analyses were performed using the parameters obtained according to the World Health Organization manual editions used for semen analysis.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Note that, 22,013 in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles were considered. Overall, fertilization rate was significantly lower in patients with abnormal semen parameters compared to normozoospermic men, irrespective of the World Health Organization manual edition. In the in vitro fertilization setting, both progressive motility (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.012) and motility after capacitation (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.002) significantly predicted the fertilization rate (statistical accuracy\u00a0=\u00a071.1%). Sperm motilities also predicted pregnancy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and live birth (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001) rates. In intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles, sperm morphology predicted fertilization rate (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.001, statistical accuracy\u00a0=\u00a090.3%). Sperm morphology significantly predicted both pregnancy (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) and live birth (<jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001) rates and a cut\u2010off of 5.5% was identified as a threshold to predict clinical pregnancy (area under the curve\u00a0=\u00a00.811, <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Interestingly, sperm motility plays a role in predicting in vitro fertilization success, while sperm morphology is the relevant parameter in intracytoplasmic sperm injection cycles. These parameters may be considered reliable tools to measure the male role on ART outcomes, potentially impacting the clinical management of infertile couples.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]],"date-time":"2021-11-01T09:10:25Z","timestamp":1635757825000},"page":"310-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":88,"title":["Are sperm parameters able to predict the success of assisted reproductive technology? A retrospective analysis of over 22,000 assisted reproductive technology cycles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Maria Teresa","family":"Villani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fertility Centre Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale\u2010IRCCS di Reggio Emilia  Reggio Emilia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daria","family":"Morini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fertility Centre Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale\u2010IRCCS di Reggio Emilia  Reggio Emilia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Spaggiari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Specialties Unit of Endocrinology Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Modena  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Angela Immacolata","family":"Falbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fertility Centre Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale\u2010IRCCS di Reggio Emilia  Reggio Emilia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beatrice","family":"Melli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanni Battista","family":"La Sala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fertility Centre Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale\u2010IRCCS di Reggio Emilia  Reggio Emilia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marilina","family":"Romeo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Specialties Unit of Endocrinology Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Modena  Modena Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences Unit of Endocrinology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2133-4304","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Simoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Specialties Unit of Endocrinology Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Modena  Modena Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences Unit of Endocrinology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Aguzzoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Fertility Centre Azienda Unit\u00e0 Sanitaria Locale\u2010IRCCS di Reggio Emilia  Reggio Emilia Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Santi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Specialties Unit of Endocrinology Ospedale Civile of Baggiovara Azienda Ospedaliero\u2010Universitaria of Modena  Modena Italy"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences Unit of Endocrinology University of Modena and Reggio Emilia  Modena Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2020.11.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","volume-title":"WHO Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human 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