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As such, it is not surprising that the FRT was often viewed historically as a \u201chostile\u201d environment for spermatozoa. The FRT has also been touted as a selective environment to ensure that only the highest quality spermatozoa progress to the oocyte for the opportunity to participate in fertilization. Recent advances, however, are giving rise to a far more nuanced view in which supportive spermatozoa \u00d7 FRT interactions\u2014in both directions\u2014contribute to beneficial, even essential, effects on fertility. In this perspective article, we discuss several examples of positive spermatozoa \u00d7 FRT interactions. We believe that these examples, arising in part from studies of taxonomically diverse nonmammalian systems, are useful to efforts to study mammalian spermatozoa \u00d7 FRT interactions and their relevance to fertility and the advancement of assisted reproductive technologies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13349","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,30]],"date-time":"2022-11-30T08:23:26Z","timestamp":1669796606000},"page":"943-947","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Suspension of hostility: Positive interactions between spermatozoa and female reproductive tracts"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2701-9505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariana F.","family":"Wolfner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Susan S.","family":"Suarez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences Cornell University  Ithaca New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steve","family":"Dorus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Reproductive Evolution Department of Biology Syracuse University  Syracuse New York USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.genet.34.1.205"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/brv.12569"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1305609111"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00013.2018"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rsos.170577"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6648518"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jez.1402280218"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/9780691207209"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/jtbi.1993.1039"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmv042"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002650100345"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/RD21265"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aji.13337"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","first-page":"23","article-title":"Why so many sperms? 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