{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T05:35:10Z","timestamp":1791956110188,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705449600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82371635"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82371635"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82071637"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82071637"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most prevalent sexual dysfunction among men. Eejaculation involves a complex nervous mechanism in which the ejaculatory centers play a key role in modulating sperm emission. Although treatment possibilities span from psychotherapy to pharmacological approaches, results show inconsistent efficacy. In this context, the emergence of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as a non\u2010invasive neuromodulatory approach represents a compelling avenue for potential therapeutic exploration.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate whether high\u2010frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation can modulate the ejaculatory behavior of rats with rapid ejaculation by altering neurotransmitter levels and neuroplasticity in the hippocampus.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Rats have been screened for rapid ejaculation by observing behavioral indices of mating, and subsequently divided into two groups. The intervention group was administered with a 10\u00a0Hz rTMS stimulation, whereas the control group received a sham procedure. Upon the delivery of rTMS, we investigated ejaculation latency (EL), the hippocampal 5\u2010hydroxytryptamine (5\u2010HT) concentration, brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), synaptophysin (SYN), and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) expressions, as well as BDNF\u2010receptor tyrosine kinase receptor B (TrkB) pathway upregulation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>After 14 days, EL was increased in the intervention group compared with the control group. 5\u2010HT concentration in the hippocampal region was increased, and high\u2010frequency rTMS activated the BDNF and TrkB pathways, including phosphorylation of cAMP response element\u2010binding protein (CREB), and upregulated the transcription and protein expression of SYN, and PSD95.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>RTMS upregulates BDNF, SYN, and PSD95 expression through activation of the BDNF\u2013TrkB pathway and increases brain 5\u2010hydroxytryptamine thereby regulating neuroplasticity and improving ejaculation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13595","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,17]],"date-time":"2024-01-17T14:34:41Z","timestamp":1705502081000},"page":"1429-1438","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation via the hippocampal brain\u2010derived neurotrophic factor\u2013tyrosine kinase receptor B pathway to affect sexual behavior and neuroplasticity in rapid ejaculation rats"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Qiushi","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University  Hefei China"},{"name":"Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Urological and Andrological Diseases Research and Medical Transformation Anhui Medical University  Hefei 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