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Excessive activation of p38MAPK by radiation significantly causes testicular damage and negatively affects the male reproductive function. Therefore, fine\u2010tuned regulation of p38MAPK signaling is critical in both physiological and pathological conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Result<\/jats:title><jats:p>This review summarizes the impact of p38MAPK signaling on testicular germ cells and microenvironment under normal condition. The relationship between radiation, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and p38MAPK is summarized. In conclusion, radiation exposure triggers the overactivation of p38MAPK, which is regulated by ROS, resulting in testicular damage. 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