{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:07:24Z","timestamp":1788343644419,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To examine the association between semen parameters, assessed according to World Health Organization (WHO)\u20102021 criteria, and paternal body mass index (BMI) and age, with embryological and clinical outcomes in ICSI cycles involving preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT\u2010A).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Retrospective study at a private in vitro fertilization (IVF) clinic.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>3101 couples undergoing 4013 intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) + PGT\u2010A cycles with own\u2010oocytes (years 2013\u20132021).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Intervention<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We performed trophectoderm biopsy, and\u00a0comprehensive chromosome testing to report uniform aneuploidies and vitrified\u2010warmed euploid single\u2010blastocyst\u2010transfers. Regression analyses adjusted for relevant confounders were conducted to outline putative associations of semen analysis and characteristics and paternal BMI and age with all embryological\/clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Maternal age was the only significant confounding variable affecting euploidy blastocyst rate (EBR) (primary embryological outcome). When categorized, motility\u00a0&lt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile (\u20102.5%, 95%CI \u20104.9 to \u20100.2%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03), concentration plus morphology\u00a0&lt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile (\u20102.7%,95%CI \u20104.8 to \u20100.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.01), concentration plus morphology plus motility\u00a0&lt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile (\u20104.0%,95%CI \u20105.5 to \u20102.6%, p\u00a0&lt;\u00a00.01), obstructive\u2010azoospermia [OA] (\u20105.5%,95%CI \u20109 to \u20102%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.02) and non\u2010obstructive azoospermia (NOA) (\u20105.8%,95%CI \u201010.9 to \u20100.6%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03) showed significantly lower results compared to all parameters\u00a0&gt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile. Furthermore, after adjusting for maternal age and the\u00a0number of metaphase\u2010II\u2010oocytes inseminated, the only significant confounding variable affecting the chance of obtaining\u00a0\u2265\u00a01 live birth among completed cycles (primary clinical outcome) was basal and post sperm processing motility. When categorized, concentration plus morphology plus motility\u00a0&lt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile (multivariable\u2010OR: 0.73, 95%CI 0.58\u20130.93,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.01) and OA (multivariable\u2010OR: 0.47, 95%CI 0.24\u20130.92,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      \u00a0=\u00a00.03) showed significantly lower chances compared to all parameters\u00a0&gt;\u00a05\n                      <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                      \u2010percentile. Advanced paternal age (defined as\u00a0&gt;\u00a044 years) was associated only with lower day 5\u2010blastocyst and Gardner's AA\u2010grade (i.e., top quality) blastocyst rates.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This comprehensive analysis provides IVF professionals with useful figures to counsel infertile couples about their chances of success, taking into account the impact of semen characteristics and paternal BMI and age. These estimates are valuable for personalized decision\u2010making about the most effective reproductive strategies to adopt, especially not underestimating male factor, by improving sperm concentration and motility whenever possible before assisted reproductive technologies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.13811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T21:53:04Z","timestamp":1732830784000},"page":"1745-1756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A WHO 2021\u2010based comprehensive scheme outlining sperm parameters\u2019 associations with IVF outcomes in PGT\u2010A cycles"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Rossella","family":"Mazzilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine University \u201cSapienza\u201d of Rome  Rome Italy"},{"name":"IVIRMA Global Research 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