{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T11:43:42Z","timestamp":1764675822372,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,27]],"date-time":"2025-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1743033600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Varicocoele may influence testosterone levels; however, their relationship remains controversial. Insulin resistance (IR) is a significant factor in metabolic disorders that may affect sex hormone levels. Triglyceride glucose\u2010body mass index (TyG\u2010BMI) is an important indicator of IR, but its relationship with sex hormones in patients with varicocoele and its clinical significance require further investigation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate whether different severity grades of clinically palpable varicocoeles are associated with changes in testosterone levels. This study also seeks to explore the association between TyG\u2010BMI and sex hormones and to evaluate the effectiveness of TyG\u2010BMI compared to other IR indicators in predicting testosterone deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross\u2010sectional study included 431 patients with palpable varicocoeles. Varicocoele severity was classified based on clinical grading, color Doppler ultrasound grading, and reflux status. Additionally, TyG\u2010BMI was categorized according to interquartile ranges, and linear regression analysis was used to examine the relationship between TyG\u2010BMI and sex hormones, along with a subgroup analysis. Additionally, four IR indices were used to predict testosterone deficiency.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In young and middle\u2010aged patients with clinically palpable varicocoeles, testosterone levels did not differ significantly across varying degrees of severity. TyG\u2010BMI significantly and negatively correlated with testosterone, inhibin B (INHB), and prolactin levels, particularly in patients with higher TyG\u2010BMI. However, no linear relationships were found between TyG\u2010BMI and follicle\u2010stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, or estradiol levels. The linear association between TyG\u2010BMI and testosterone levels remained significant across different levels of varicocoele severity. Additionally, TyG\u2010BMI demonstrated a superior predictive capability for testosterone deficiency compared to other IR indices.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Varicocoele severity was not associated with variations in testosterone levels. TyG\u2010BMI was significantly negatively correlated with testosterone and INHB levels, and this relationship suggests a factor beyond the hypothalamic\u2013pituitary\u2013gonadal axis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,30]],"date-time":"2025-03-30T03:44:39Z","timestamp":1743306279000},"page":"169-177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["The negative correlation between triglyceride glucose\u2010body mass index and hormone levels in young and middle\u2010aged patients with clinical varicocoele: A cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9502-2063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Xiao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Andrology and Sexual Medicine the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical 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