{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,28]],"date-time":"2026-07-28T08:56:45Z","timestamp":1785229005729,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1761696000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In 2022, a repeatable protocol for in vitro fertilization (IVF) using fresh semen was established in horses. This facilitated successful capacitation of equine semen allowing to explore novel applications.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We aimed to extend this technique to IVF with frozen\u2010thawed semen and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI), and determine the outcome parameters such as blastocyst production and euploidy rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 221 oocytes were subjected to either IVF with frozen\u2010thawed semen, ICSI with frozen\u2010thawed semen incubated under capacitating conditions (ICSI cap) or control ICSI with washed frozen\u2010thawed semen. Cleavage and blastocyst rates were assessed and compared across the three groups using one\u2010way ANOVA. Shallow whole genome sequencing was performed on embryos obtained from IVF and ICSI cap.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We established a repeatable protocol for IVF with frozen\u2010thawed semen resulting in higher blastocyst rates per collected oocyte (22.4%) when compared to control ICSI (16.4%) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.048). Furthermore, the use of semen incubated under capacitating conditions for ICSI resulted in higher blastocyst rates than washed sperm, with 69.0%\u00a0versus 50.0% blastocysts per cleaved embryo (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.03) and 27.8%\u00a0versus 16.4% blastocysts per collected oocyte (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04), respectively. It also yielded higher blastocyst rates per cleaved embryo than IVF, with 69.0%\u00a0versus 45.9% (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.04). The average day of blastocyst formation was not different between the three groups (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.73). Shallow whole genome sequencing revealed no differences in aneuploidy rates between IVF (1\/17) and ICSI cap (0\/18) (\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.49).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The incubation of sperm under capacitating conditions for use in ICSI or IVF with frozen\u2010thawed semen may represent a novel method to improve the clinical efficiency of equine IVP embryos, without affecting aneuploidy rates.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,29]],"date-time":"2025-10-29T18:50:16Z","timestamp":1761763816000},"page":"583-593","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Incubation of Frozen\u2010Thawed Semen Under Capacitating Conditions Supports Successful In Vitro Fertilization and Improves Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection\u2010Results in Horses"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7804-4693","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Klaartje","family":"Broothaers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"Angel\u2010Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine Universidad CES  Medellin Colombia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabiola Le Gaffric","family":"Molto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hedia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Theriogenology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Cairo University  Giza Egypt"},{"name":"Gamete Research Centre Laboratory for Veterinary Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Veterinary Sciences University of Antwerp  Wilrijk Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tine De","family":"Coster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent University  Merelbeke Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Govaere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Reproduction and Population Medicine Ghent 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