{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T08:51:43Z","timestamp":1781599903538,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Besides gonadal involvement (hypogonadism, male factor infertility, and testicular hypotrophy), patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS) may suffer from several extra\u2010gonadic complications, including neoplastic events.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of this review is to summarize all major clinical evidence dealing with the association between KS and neoplastic diseases and provide practical suggestions for the management of patients with KS regarding neoplastic risk.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This narrative review was conducted through a comprehensive search of the PubMed database, using combinations of the following keywords: \u201cKlinefelter syndrome,\u201d \u201ccancer,\u201d \u201cneoplasm,\u201d \u201cbreast cancer,\u201d \u201cgerm cell tumor,\u201d \t\u201clymphoma,\u201d and \u201ctestosterone replacement therapy\u201d.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>KS is associated with a higher risk of breast cancer and mediastinal germ cell tumors and an apparent higher risk of hematological malignancies, in particular non\u2010Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia. Evidence on testicular cancer is limited, with no clear increase in risk attributable to KS, while prostate cancer has a lower risk and lower mortality rate.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the complexity of the syndrome and the limited available evidence, regular clinical follow\u2010up with targeted investigations when clinically indicated may facilitate early diagnosis and management of associated comorbidities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70277","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:55:42Z","timestamp":1781596542000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Neoplastic Risk in Patients With Klinefelter Syndrome"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Andrea","family":"Graziani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Department of Systems Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Grande","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Department of Systems Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Selice","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Department of Systems Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Di Mambro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Department of Systems Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alberto","family":"Ferlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"},{"name":"Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine Department of Systems Medicine University of Padova  Padova Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(04)16678\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.12909"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618\u2010022\u201001741\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14737159.2019.1633917"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13685538.2025.2519035"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70033"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf005"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaf479"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EC\u201023\u20100058"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2012\u20102382"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE\u201014\u20100213"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651\u20102227.2011.02274.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2017\u201000212"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jsxmed\/qdaf360"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.31349"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji240"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2004\u20100777"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005\u20100697"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s42000\u2010020\u201000241\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.27841"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12032\u2010021\u201001486\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10549\u2010009\u20100379\u20100"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_11_24_1","first-page":"4293","article-title":"Prevalence of Klinefelter's Syndrome in Male Breast Cancer Patients","volume":"17","author":"Hultborn R.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Anticancer Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.breast.2024.103827"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.8.4.460"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/ERC\u201018\u20100117"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651\u20102227.2010.02131.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910530403"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_2_11_30_1","first-page":"6918","article-title":"Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer","volume":"15","author":"Fentiman I. S.","year":"2023","journal-title":"American Journal of Translational Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2024\/9003572"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912\u2010015\u20100487\u20104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2017.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jech.39.4.330"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102023\u2010255703"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2012.05.026"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003\u20104975(98)00504\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.31667"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24953\/turkjped.2019.03.024"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_11_40_1","first-page":"44","article-title":"Klinefelter Syndrome and Cancer: From Childhood to Adulthood","volume":"11","author":"De Sanctis V.","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews: PER"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/PAP.0000000000000304"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.1995.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eucr.2016.09.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.03.077"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MPH.0000000000002837"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01959079"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13633\u2010020\u201000088\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165\u20104608(88)90247\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13256\u2010024\u201004996\u20100"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjpo\u20102025\u2010003741"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4067\/S0034\u201098872019000400518"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.leukres.2021.106725"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12659\/AJCR.897572"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.30126"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140\u20106736(25)00455\u20106"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers17040689"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.purol.2019.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2024.27122"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.purol.2011.08.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2002\u2010021491"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2013.00032"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2016.07.1116"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mam.2024.101303"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2019.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2018.08.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm13185559"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_67_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.06.041"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23736\/S0393\u20102249.18.03063\u20101"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_69_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.euf.2023.07.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/RUQ.0b013e3181dd27d0"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr\u20102015\u2010209805"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2021.106733"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12890\/2019_001129"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000029117"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440\u20101827.2001.01246.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_76_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2176\/nmc.49.532"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ccr3.2714"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12957\u2010018\u20101528\u2010x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_79_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2017.e104"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_80_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2164\/jandrol.111.016204"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_11_81_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-8628(19980526)77:4<281::AID-AJMG6>3.0.CO;2-Q","article-title":"Renal Cell Carcinoma With X;1 Translocation in a Child With Klinefelter Syndrome","volume":"77","author":"Yenamandra A.","year":"1998","journal-title":"American Journal of Medical Genetics"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_82_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022\u20105347(17)39765\u20103"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_83_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203318776107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_84_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2005\u20101077"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_85_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000003444"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_86_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1385\/EP:16:2:133"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_87_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5546\/aap.2015.e6"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_88_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.32808"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_89_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1445\u20102197.2006.03985.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_90_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/014850101753145861"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_91_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1530\/EJE\u201013\u20100488"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_92_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/01485018908986780"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_93_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40618\u2010022\u201001859\u20107"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_94_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018\u201000229"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_95_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14310\/horm.2002.1622"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_96_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2013.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_97_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090\u20104295(03)00693\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_98_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1210\/endrev\/bnaf013"}],"container-title":["Andrology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/andr.70277","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/andr.70277","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/andr.70277","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T07:55:44Z","timestamp":1781596544000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/andr.70277"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"references-count":97,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/andr.70277"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/andr.70277","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2047-2919","2047-2927"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2047-2919","type":"print"},{"value":"2047-2927","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-01-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-01","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-06-16","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"andr.70277"}}