{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T19:25:40Z","timestamp":1787081140196,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787011200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009918","name":"Oda og Hans Svenningsens Fond","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009918","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023771","name":"Fabrikant Vilhelm Pedersen og Hustrus Legat","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023771","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011797","name":"Turun Yliopistollinen Keskussairaala","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011797","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Little is known about the relative contribution of genetic and environmental factors on male reproductive function.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We studied in a cross\u2010sectional setting, whether testicular function and genital size correlate in father\u2013son pairs. The study included young men from a prospective Finnish\u2013Danish Boy cohort study and their fathers.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We collected data on young men born between 1997 and 2002 at Turku University Hospital, Finland, and at the University Hospital of Copenhagen, Denmark. These young men were invited for an adult follow\u2010up visit at 18\u201323 years together with their fathers. Altogether 38 Finnish and 79 Danish father\u2013son pairs participated in the study. The study visits included analysis of a semen sample, measurement of serum reproductive hormones and genital size (testes, penis, anogenital distance [AGD]). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were used to evaluate familial resemblance between fathers and sons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      In the adjusted analyses, weak significant positive correlations between fathers and sons were observed in testicular volume measured by ultrasonography (ICC 0.30), concentrations of inhibin B (ICC 0.25), FSH (ICC 0.24), LH (ICC 0.22), and SHBG (ICC 0.26), sperm concentration (ICC 0.21), and anopenile distance (ICC 0.19). Penile width (ICC 0.23) showed significant father\u2013son correlation, but it was of borderline statistical significance when pairs with cryptorchidism that had required surgical correction (\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 5) were excluded. Father\u2013son correlation for testicular size based on orchidometer (ICC 0.16) was statistically significant only when excluding pairs with a history of cryptorchidism (ICC 0.18).\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In conclusion, while genetics contributes to reproductive health, the studied reproductive variables showed rather weak correlations between fathers and sons.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T18:43:52Z","timestamp":1787078632000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Father\u2013Son Comparison of Reproductive Traits"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-4229-5052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Heidi","family":"Elamo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6129-0836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wiwat","family":"Rodprasert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Centre for Integrative Physiology and Pharmacology and Centre for Population Health Research Institute of Biomedicine University of Turku  Turku Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8262-325X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Louise Scheutz","family":"Henriksen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC) Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4827-0838","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Niels","family":"J\u00f8rgensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC) Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niels E.","family":"Skakkebaek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC) Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0534-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anders","family":"Juul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Growth and Reproduction Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet  Copenhagen Denmark"},{"name":"International Centre for Research and Research Training in Endocrine Disruption of Male Reproduction and Child Health (EDMaRC) Copenhagen University Hospital \u2013 Rigshospitalet and University of Copenhagen  Copenhagen 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