{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T05:41:01Z","timestamp":1792129261552,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant semen\u2010quality heterogeneity exists among varicocele (VC) patients with similar macro\u2010anatomical backgrounds.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This exploratory pilot study characterized and compared fecal microbial configurations and relative serum metabolomic signatures associated with individual phenotypic divergence in left\u2010sided clinical VC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Twenty\u2010five young males with left\u2010sided VC were stratified into low semen quality (VC_L,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 17) and normal semen quality (VC_N,\n                      <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 8) groups. Multi\u2010omics profiling was performed via fecal 16S rRNA sequencing and serum untargeted LC\u2010MS\/MS metabolomics.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Fecal microbiota alpha and beta diversity metrics were comparable between groups. LEfSe analysis revealed taxonomic differentiation: the VC_N group showed enrichment of Fusobacteriota lineages and\n                      <jats:italic>Faecalimonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      , whereas the VC_L group showed higher discriminative abundance of the\n                      <jats:italic>Ruminococcus gauvreauii<\/jats:italic>\n                      group and UCG_003. Cross\u2010domain integrative profiling revealed distinct modular patterns: a cluster dominated by\n                      <jats:italic>Bacteroides<\/jats:italic>\n                      and\n                      <jats:italic>Blautia<\/jats:italic>\n                      aligned positively with circulating carbohydrate\u2010related metabolites (inositol and D\u2010ribose), whereas potential opportunistic taxa such as\n                      <jats:italic>Escherichia_Shigella<\/jats:italic>\n                      showed inverse associations with these metabolites and positive associations with lipid\u2010related features (palmitoylcarnitine). Serum untargeted metabolomics further showed distinct relative ion intensities: VC_L exhibited higher signals of lipid\u2010, amino acid\u2010, and TCA cycle\u2010related features (oleoyl ethanolamide, palmitoylcarnitine, taurine, and L\u2010malate), whereas VC_N showed higher intensities of arachidonic acid, citric acid, choline, and D\u2010ribose.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semen\u2010quality\u2010defined subgroups of left\u2010sided VC patients exhibit distinct gut microbial taxonomic distributions and relative serum metabolic profiles. These preliminary, associative findings provide a descriptive multi\u2010omics landscape of individual phenotypic heterogeneity and generate hypotheses regarding the gut\u2013testis axis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70372","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T07:47:44Z","timestamp":1787644064000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Systemic Signatures Differentiating Varicocele\u2010Associated Semen Quality Heterogeneity: An Exploratory Multi\u2010Omics Pilot Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Jun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)  Hefei Anhui 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China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0938-1378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kun","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)  Hefei Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hao\u2010ran","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)  Hefei Anhui China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hai\u2010bo","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology The 901st Hospital of the Joint Logistics Support Force of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA)  Hefei Anhui 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