{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:59:46Z","timestamp":1790823586867,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790726400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81803116"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81803116"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82270529"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82270529"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82470523"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82470523"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Andrology"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sperm cryopreservation causes cryodamage, but the roles of posttranslational modifications (PTMs) and stress granules (SGs) in this process remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate the molecular mechanism of cryodamage via the TRIM21\u2013AKAP3 axis, PTMs, and SGs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Materials and Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Human sperm were divided into fresh and cryopreserved groups. Global ubiquitinome, phosphoproteome, and acetylome profiling were performed, combined with co\u2010immunoprecipitation (Co\u2010IP), Western blotting, and immunofluorescence for functional validation. Sperm cryopreservation with FAZ\u20103532 intervention was further conducted to verify SG\u2010mediated injury.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Cryopreservation\u2010induced SG formation in mature human sperm is reported here for the first time. TRIM21 acted as the E3 ubiquitin ligase for AKAP3, targeting K31\/K425; cryopreservation redirected TRIM21 into SGs, reducing AKAP3 ubiquitination and causing its accumulation. AKAP3 showed differential phosphorylation (22 sites) and acetylation (K433). Inhibiting SG assembly with FAZ\u20103532 remodeled AKAP3 ubiquitination patterns and partially improved post\u2010thaw progressive motility.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion and Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>PTM networks and SGs are critical for sperm cryodamage. TRIM21, AKAP3, and G3BP1 are potential targets to optimize sperm cryopreservation protocols, advancing male fertility preservation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/andr.70403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T02:52:22Z","timestamp":1790823142000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cryopreservation Disrupts TRIM21\u2010Mediated AKAP3 Ubiquitination and Triggers Stress Granule Formation in Human Sperm"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"given":"Yan","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Pediatric Research Children's Hospital of Soochow University  Suzhou Jiangsu China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6224-7813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huizhong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for 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