{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T12:22:34Z","timestamp":1768566154549,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1525824000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004484","name":"Tehran University of Medical Sciences and Health Services","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004484","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Multiple sclerosis Research Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Acta Neurol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]],"date-time":"2018-05-09T07:24:16Z","timestamp":1525850656000},"page":"308-314","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Infectious exposure, antibiotic use, and multiple sclerosis: A population-based incident case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1155","volume":"138","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8607-4507","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"I.","family":"Abdollahpour","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology; School of Public Health; Arak University of Medical Sciences; Arak Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Nedjat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Knowledge Utilization Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M. A.","family":"Mansournia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics; School of Public Health; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Eckert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University at Buffalo; Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences; Buffalo NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Weinstock-Guttman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology; Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Science; University of Buffalo; Buffalo NY USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0001|ane12958-cit-0001","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0000000000000768","article-title":"Atlas of multiple sclerosis 2013: a growing global problem with widespread inequity","volume":"83","author":"Browne","year":"2014","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0002|ane12958-cit-0002","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1430","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200011163432001","article-title":"Relapses and progression of disability in multiple sclerosis","volume":"343","author":"Confavreux","year":"2000","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0003|ane12958-cit-0003","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(10)70064-8","article-title":"The changing demographic pattern of multiple sclerosis epidemiology","volume":"9","author":"Koch-Henriksen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0004|ane12958-cit-0004","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.2165\/11532230-000000000-00000","article-title":"Economic burden of multiple sclerosis","volume":"28","author":"Naci","year":"2010","journal-title":"Pharmacoeconomics"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0005|ane12958-cit-0005","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000324708","article-title":"A 20-year incidence trend (1989-2008) and point prevalence (March 20, 2009) of multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a population-based study","volume":"36","author":"Elhami","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0006|ane12958-cit-0006","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1022","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511401460","article-title":"Sharp increase in the incidence and prevalence of multiple sclerosis in Isfahan, Iran","volume":"17","author":"Etemadifar","year":"2011","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0007|ane12958-cit-0007","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458513494496","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a joinpoint trend analysis","volume":"20","author":"Heydarpour","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0008|ane12958-cit-0008","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1159\/000324708","article-title":"A 20-year incidence trend (1989-2008) and point prevalence (March 20, 2009) of multiple sclerosis in Tehran, Iran: a population-based study","volume":"36","author":"Elhami","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0009|ane12958-cit-0009","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1159\/000201564","article-title":"Association of infectious mononucleosis with multiple sclerosis","volume":"32","author":"Ramagopalan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0010|ane12958-cit-0010","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-009-9367-2","article-title":"A population-based case-control study on viral infections and vaccinations and subsequent multiple sclerosis risk","volume":"24","author":"Ahlgren","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0011|ane12958-cit-0011","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2491","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh283","article-title":"Childhood infections and risk of multiple sclerosis","volume":"127","author":"Bager","year":"2004","journal-title":"Brain"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0012|ane12958-cit-0012","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1941","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-017-3080-9","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and environmental risk factors: a case-control study in Iran","volume":"38","author":"Abbasi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Neurol Sci"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0013|ane12958-cit-0013","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1260","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwp039","article-title":"Clinically observed chickenpox and the risk of childhood-onset multiple sclerosis","volume":"169","author":"Mikaeloff","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0014|ane12958-cit-0014","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2017.02.019","article-title":"Infectious mononucleosis and multiple sclerosis - updated review on associated risk","volume":"14","author":"Sheik-Ali","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0015|ane12958-cit-0015","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12496","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0012496","article-title":"An updated meta-analysis of risk of multiple sclerosis following infectious mononucleosis","volume":"5","author":"Handel","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0016|ane12958-cit-0016","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"499","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20820","article-title":"Infectious mononucleosis and risk for multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis","volume":"59","author":"Thacker","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann Neurol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0017|ane12958-cit-0017","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2085","DOI":"10.1212\/01.wnl.0000247663.40297.2d","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and the hygiene hypothesis","volume":"67","author":"Fleming","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0018|ane12958-cit-0018","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"997","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwj123","article-title":"Antibiotic use and risk of multiple sclerosis","volume":"163","author":"Alonso","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0019|ane12958-cit-0019","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"945","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwr201","article-title":"Use of penicillin and other antibiotics and risk of multiple sclerosis: a population-based case-control study","volume":"174","author":"N\u00f8rgaard","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0020|ane12958-cit-0020","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1328","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516677867","article-title":"Waterpipe smoking associated with multiple sclerosis: a population-based incident case-control study","volume":"23","author":"Abdollahpour","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler J"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0021|ane12958-cit-0021","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1029","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116397","article-title":"Selection of controls in case-control studies: II. Types of controls","volume":"135","author":"Wacholder","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0022|ane12958-cit-0022","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1949.10483314","article-title":"A procedure for objective respondent selection within the household","volume":"44","author":"Kish","year":"1949","journal-title":"J Am Stat Assoc"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0023|ane12958-cit-0023","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12032","article-title":"A questionnaire for multinational case-control studies of environmental risk factors in multiple sclerosis (EnvIMS-Q)","volume":"126","author":"Pugliatti","year":"2012","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0024|ane12958-cit-0024","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1037\/0278-6133.19.6.586","article-title":"Relationship of subjective and objective social status with psychological and physiological functioning: preliminary data in healthy white women","volume":"19","author":"Adler","year":"2000","journal-title":"Health Psychol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0025|ane12958-cit-0025","volume-title":"Modern epidemiology","author":"Rothman","year":"2008"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0026|ane12958-cit-0026","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12841","article-title":"Managing Epstein-Barr virus and other risk factors in MS-future perspectives","volume":"136","author":"Sundstr\u00f6m","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0027|ane12958-cit-0027","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1111\/ane.12835","article-title":"Infections in patients with multiple sclerosis: implications for disease-modifying therapy","volume":"136","author":"Celius","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Neurol Scand"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0028|ane12958-cit-0028","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1714","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2008.080622","article-title":"NKT cell-dependent amelioration of a mouse model of multiple sclerosis by altering gut flora","volume":"173","author":"Yokote","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0029|ane12958-cit-0029","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6041","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.0900747","article-title":"Role of gut commensal microflora in the development of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis","volume":"183","author":"Ochoa-Rep\u00e1raz","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0030|ane12958-cit-0030","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1097\/00001648-200105000-00009","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis and age at infection with common viruses","volume":"12","author":"Hern\u00e1n","year":"2001","journal-title":"Epidemiology"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0031|ane12958-cit-0031","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113955","article-title":"Random digit dialing in selecting a population-based control group","volume":"120","author":"Hartge","year":"1984","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0032|ane12958-cit-0032","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt226","article-title":"Assessing the feasibility and sample quality of a national random-digit dialing cellular phone survey of young adults","volume":"179","author":"Gundersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0033|ane12958-cit-0033","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1638","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwt164","article-title":"Comparison of address-based sampling and random-digit dialing methods for recruiting young men as controls in a case-control study of testicular cancer susceptibility","volume":"178","author":"Clagett","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am J Epidemiol"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0034|ane12958-cit-0034","unstructured":"Massey JT O'Connor D Krotki K Response rates in random digit dialing (RDD) telephone surveys Proceedings of the American Statistical Association, Section on Survey Research Methods 1997 707 712"},{"key":"10.1111\/ane.12958-BIB0035|ane12958-cit-0035","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2122","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1608889","article-title":"Trial of minocycline in a clinically isolated syndrome of multiple sclerosis","volume":"376","author":"Metz","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"}],"container-title":["Acta Neurologica Scandinavica"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fane.12958","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/wol1\/doi\/10.1111\/ane.12958\/fullpdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,20]],"date-time":"2022-12-20T12:51:31Z","timestamp":1671540691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ane.12958"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ane.12958","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-6314"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-6314","type":"print"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,9]]}}}