{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T00:44:10Z","timestamp":1787013850212,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]],"date-time":"2013-09-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379289600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":15,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The aim of the study was to analyze the value of a completely new fuzzy logic\u2013based detection algorithm (FA) in comparison with arrhythmia classification algorithms used in existing ICDs in order to demonstrate whether the rate of inappropriate therapies can be reduced.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>On the basis of the RR intervals database containing arrhythmia events and controls recordings from the ICD memory a diagnostic algorithm was developed and tested by a computer program. This algorithm uses the same input signals as existing ICDs: RR interval as the primary input variable and two variables derived from it, onset and stability. However, it uses 15 fuzzy rules instead of fixed thresholds used in existing devices. The algorithm considers 6 diagnostic categories: (1) VF (ventricular fibrillation), (2) VT (ventricular tachycardia), (3) ST (sinus tachycardia), (4) DAI (artifacts and heart rhythm irregularities including extrasystoles and T\u2010wave oversensing\u2010TWOS), (5) ATF (atrial and supraventricular tachycardia or fibrillation), and 96) NT (sinus rhythm). This algorithm was tested on 172 RR recordings from different ICDs in the follow\u2010up of 135 patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All diagnostic categories of the algorithm were present in the analyzed recordings: VF (n = 35), VT (n = 48), ST (n = 14), DAI (n = 32), ATF (n = 18), NT (n = 25). Thirty\u2010eight patients (31.4%) in the studied group received inappropriate ICD therapies. In all these cases the final diagnosis of the algorithm was correct (19 cases of artifacts, 11 of atrial fibrillation and 8 of ST) and fuzzy rules algorithm implementation would have withheld unnecessary therapies. Incidence of inappropriate therapies: 3 vs. 38 (the proposed algorithm vs. ICD diagnosis, respectively) differed significantly (p &lt; 0.05). VT\/VF were detected correctly in both groups. Sensitivity and specificity were calculated: 100%, 97.8%, and 100%, 72.9% respectively for FA and tested ICDs recordings (p &lt; 0.05).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Diagnostic performance of the proposed fuzzy logic based algorithm seems to be promising and its implementation could diminish ICDs inappropriate therapies. We found FA usefulness in correct diagnosis of sinus tachycardia, atrial fibrillation and artifacts in comparison with tested ICDs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12090","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,18]],"date-time":"2013-09-18T23:47:34Z","timestamp":1379548054000},"page":"457-466","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Reduction of the Inappropriate ICD Therapies by Implementing a New Fuzzy Logic\u2013Based Diagnostic Algorithm"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Micha\u0142","family":"Lewandowski","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"II Coronary Disease Department, Institute of Cardiology  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrzej","family":"Przybylski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II Coronary Disease Department, Institute of Cardiology  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wies\u0142aw","family":"Ku\u017amicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Microelectronics and Optoelectronics Warsaw University of Technology  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanna","family":"Szwed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"II Coronary Disease Department, Institute of Cardiology  Warsaw Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-200401000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00001573-200401000-00007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043399"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000150390.04704.B7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/eurheartj\/ehl199"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2001.01113.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"1050","article-title":"Psychological and clinical problems in youg adultes with implantable cardioverter\u2010defibrillators","volume":"10","author":"W\u00f3jcicka M","year":"2008","journal-title":"Polish Heart J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2003.t01-1-00219.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2004.03611.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00004356-200306000-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2001.00134.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"489","article-title":"Dual vs. single chamber ICDs : Equal incidence of inappropriate discharge in supraventricular events give rise to look closer","volume":"24","author":"Sonne K","year":"2001","journal-title":"PACE"},{"issue":"24","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"315","article-title":"Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator Trial Investigators. Dual chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: The Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable defibrillator (DAVID) trial","volume":"288","author":"Wilkoff BL","year":"2002","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijcard.2010.09.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2004.03290.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2003.09.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eupc.2004.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","unstructured":"Fuzzy logic. Available athttp:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/fuzzy_logic. Accessed August 29 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"338","volume-title":"Information and Control","author":"Zadeh LA.","year":"1965"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","volume-title":"Fuzzy Rule\u2010Based Modeling with Applications to Geophysical, Biological and Engineering Systems","author":"B\u00e1rdossy A","year":"1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","unstructured":"Ku\u017amiczW LewandowskiM.Available at:http:\/\/defib.imio.pw.edu.pl 2006. Accessed August 28 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2006.00643.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2007.05.031"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2001.00606.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000145610.64014.E4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eur133"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2006.03.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.2005.00219.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/europace\/eul119"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1540-8167.2002.01092.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jelectrocard.2010.06.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Application of fuzzy logic to pacemaker control","volume":"23","author":"Bardossy A","year":"2003","journal-title":"Biocyber Biomed Eng"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"A covariance\u2010based algorithm; A novel technique w for rhythm discrimination","author":"Kamousi B","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eng. Med. Biol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1460-9592.2002.01599.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8159.1999.tb00329.x"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","first-page":"250","article-title":"Heartbeat case determiantion using fuzzy logic method on ECG signals international","volume":"11","author":"Yeh YC","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Fuzzy Syst"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2004.09.039"}],"container-title":["Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fanec.12090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anec.12090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,6]],"date-time":"2023-10-06T21:51:38Z","timestamp":1696629098000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/anec.12090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/anec.12090"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anec.12090","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-720X","1542-474X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-720X","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-474X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2013,9]]}}}