{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T01:20:44Z","timestamp":1791249644434,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1440460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>J\u00a0waves are associated with increased vagal activity in patients with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation in several studies to date. However, the relationship between J\u00a0waves and autonomic nervous activity in patients without structural heart disease remains under investigation. We investigated whether the presence of a J\u00a0wave on the surface electrocardiogram (ECG) was related to increased vagal activity in patients without structural heart disease.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This retrospective study included 684 patients without structural heart disease who had undergone Holter ECG and surface ECG monitoring. Based on the presence of J\u00a0waves on the surface ECG, patients were divided into two groups: those with J\u00a0waves (group 1) and those without J\u00a0waves (group 2). We compared heart rate variability (HRV), reflecting autonomic nervous activity, using 24\u2010h Holter ECG between the groups.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>J\u00a0waves were present in 92 (13.4%) patients. Heart rate (HR) in group 1 was significantly lesser than that in group 2 (P = 0.031). The ratio of low\u2010frequency (LF) components to high\u2010frequency (HF) components (LF\/HF) in group 1 was significantly lower than that in group 2 (P = 0.001). The square root of the mean squared differences of successive NN intervals in group 1 was also significantly higher than that in group 2 (P = 0.047). In a multivariate regression analysis, male sex, HR, and LF\/HF ratio remained independent determinants for the presence of J\u00a0waves (P = 0.039, P = 0.036, and P &lt; 0.001, respectively).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>In patients without structural heart disease, the presence of a J\u00a0wave was associated with a slow HR, male sex, and increased vagal activity, independently.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12302","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,8,25]],"date-time":"2015-08-25T14:25:46Z","timestamp":1440512746000},"page":"464-473","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Relationship between J Waves and Vagal Activity in Patients Who Do Not Have Structural Heart Disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Yong\u2010Soo","family":"Baek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology Inha University Hospital  Incheon South 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