{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T22:20:40Z","timestamp":1785450040502,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549670400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Mid\u2010ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (MVOHCM) is an uncommon type of HCM. LV apical aneurysms are present in more than 20% MVOHCM cases and has been identified as an independent predictor of potentially lethal arrhythmic events, including non\u2010sustained or sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), and ventricular fibrillation (VF), as well as SCD. Although the pathogenesis of LVA remains unknown, but it has been suggested that apical aneurysm may be secondary to the increased after\u2010load and high apical pressure arising from significant pressure gradient of the midventricular obstruction. The scarred rim of the aneurysm and the adjacent areas of LV myocardial fibrosis and consequent apical oxygen\u2010demand mismatch may be responsible for the formation of apical aneurysm. Recent electrophysiologic studies have demonstrated that the aneurysmal rim forms the primary culprit arrhythmogenic substrate for generation of monomorphic ventricular tachycardia leading to SCD, but the clinical significance of the size of aneurysm in relation to SCD remains unsettled. We summarized the clinical features of the patients with MVOHCM and apical aneurysms. Appropriate therapeutic interventions include ICD implantation, and early surgical intervention for gradient relief may be undertaken to relief the MVO.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12638","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]],"date-time":"2019-02-09T13:50:18Z","timestamp":1549720218000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Mid\u2010ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical aneurysm: An important subtype of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Li","family":"Cui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology Tianjin People's Hospital  Tianjin 300120 People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5510-1253","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"},{"name":"Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences Faculty of Medicine Chinese University of Hong Kong  Hong Kong China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic\u2010Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University  Tianjin 300211 People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Bazoukis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology \u201cEvangelismos\u201d General Hospital of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos P.","family":"Letsas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology \u201cEvangelismos\u201d General Hospital of Athens  Athens Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4228-3593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Korantzopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Cardiology University of Ioannina Medical School  Ioannina Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo","family":"Roever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research Federal University of Uberl\u00e2ndia  Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic\u2010Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University  Tianjin 300211 People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0482-0738","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tong","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ionic\u2010Molecular Function of Cardiovascular disease, Department of Cardiology Tianjin Institute of Cardiology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University  Tianjin 300211 People\u2019s Republic of China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cjca.2013.10.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12284"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12422"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1253\/circj.CJ-12-1561"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-7120-7-26"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/pace.13380"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-8167.2010.01769.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_3_9_1","first-page":"1754","article-title":"Mid\u2010ventricular obstructive hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with apical aneurysm and sustained ventricular tachycardia: A case report and literature review","volume":"124","author":"Gao X. 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