{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,15]],"date-time":"2026-01-15T14:20:24Z","timestamp":1768486824136,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645056000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>To observe the changes of F waves on electrocardiograms (ECGs) in patients with persistent atrial fibrillation during the insertion of a peripherally inserted central catheter (PICC), and to analyze the application effect of the ECG method (through F wave changes) for guiding PICC tip positioning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>Seventy\u2010two patients who met the inclusion criteria and needed a PICC catheter were selected as the research subjects. We observed waveforms in the ECGs when the tip of the catheter reached a predetermined position. The chest X\u2010ray results were used as the gold standard to calculate the sensitivity and specificity, and judge the safety and accuracy of ECG\u2010guided PICC tip positioning in patients with atrial fibrillation.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>Of the 72 patients, there was no significant difference between the ECG method and chest X\u2010ray results (\u03c72<\/jats:sup> = 0.2, p<\/jats:italic> > 0.05). Sixty\u2010one patients had F wave changes on ECG and 10\u00a0had no obvious changes (X\u2010ray results confirmed that five patients had a tip position that was too shallow, two had ectopic tip positions, and three were located in the correct place). The sensitivity of the method was 95.7% and the specificity was 80%.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusion<\/jats:title>As the ECG baselines of patients with persistent atrial fibrillation were difficult to judge and the F wave was irregular, we found that the F wave was significantly higher than before catheter insertion and fell back while withdrawing the catheter, so the catheter should be fed until the F wave significantly increased as the correct position of the catheter tip.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.12931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]],"date-time":"2022-02-17T08:40:54Z","timestamp":1645087254000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["ECG method for positioning the tip of peripherally inserted central catheters in patients with atrial fibrillation"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Conghui","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2355-4957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuxin","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Central Venous Catheter Clinic Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xinxin","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Central Venous Catheter Clinic Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Congcong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Central Venous Catheter Clinic Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yingxia","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jingfang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Central Venous Catheter Clinic Shijiazhuang People\u2019s Hospital Shijiazhuang China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S156468"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","first-page":"S46","article-title":"Infusion nursing standards of practice","volume":"39","author":"Journal of Infusion Nursing","year":"2016","journal-title":"Journal of Infusion Nursing"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_4_1","first-page":"104","article-title":"In atrial ECG guiding PICC localization after atrial flutter 1 case[J]","volume":"51","author":"Liu H. M.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Journal of Nanchang University"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_5_1","first-page":"665","article-title":"Progress in paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and stroke[J]","volume":"17","author":"Nan J.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Geriatric Heart Brain and Vessel Diseases"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2009.03.015"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_2_12_7_1","first-page":"1675","article-title":"Application of ECG characteristic P\u2010wave in PICC tip alignment[J]","volume":"21","author":"Song B. H.","year":"2015","journal-title":"Modern Nursing"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_12_8_1","first-page":"916","article-title":"The ECG method for positioning the tip of peripherally inserted central catheter: Results of a multicenter study[J]","volume":"52","author":"Sun H.","year":"2017","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Nursing"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_12_9_1","first-page":"336","article-title":"A clinical controlled trial of two different PICC catheter positioning methods[J]","volume":"24","author":"Wang J.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Modern Nursing"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_12_10_1","first-page":"412","article-title":"Directive function of intracavitary electrocardiogram bimodal P\u2010wave in the position of PICC tip[J]","volume":"35","author":"Zhang X. X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Chinese Journal of Practical Nursing"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/JPN.0000000000000264"},{"issue":"11","key":"e_1_2_12_12_1","first-page":"1749","article-title":"Effects of measurement method of body surface according to the body height of patients plus different numbers on PICC ideal arrival location rate[J]","volume":"41","author":"Zhu Y. X.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hebei Medical Journal"}],"container-title":["Annals of Noninvasive Electrocardiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anec.12931","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/anec.12931","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/anec.12931","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,22]],"date-time":"2023-08-22T22:37:37Z","timestamp":1692743857000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/anec.12931"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/anec.12931"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/anec.12931","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1082-720X","1542-474X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1082-720X","type":"print"},{"value":"1542-474X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,17]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-12-09","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-28","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e12931"}}