{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:43:08Z","timestamp":1774701788435,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>False ventricular tachycardia (VT) alarms are common during in\u2010hospital electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring. Prior research shows that the majority of false VT can be attributed to algorithm deficiencies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Purpose<\/jats:title><jats:p>The purpose of this study was: (1) to describe the creation of a VT database annotated by ECG experts and (2) to determine true vs. false VT using a new VT algorithm created by our group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>The VT algorithm was processed in 5320 consecutive ICU patients with 572,574\u2009h of ECG and physiologic monitoring. A search algorithm identified potential VT, defined as: heart rate &gt;100\u2009beats\/min, QRSs\u2009&gt;\u2009120\u2009ms, and change in QRS morphology in &gt;6 consecutive beats compared to the preceding native rhythm. Seven ECG channels, SpO<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, and arterial blood pressure waveforms were processed and loaded into a web\u2010based annotation software program. Five PhD\u2010prepared nurse scientists performed the annotations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Of the 5320 ICU patients, 858 (16.13%) had 22,325 VTs. After three levels of iterative annotations, a total of 11,970 (53.62%) were adjudicated as true, 6485 (29.05%) as false, and 3870 (17.33%) were unresolved. The unresolved VTs were concentrated in 17 patients (1.98%). Of the 3870 unresolved VTs, 85.7% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u20093281) were confounded by ventricular paced rhythm, 10.8% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009414) by underlying BBB, and 3.5% (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u2009133) had a combination of both.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The database described here represents the single largest human\u2010annotated database to date. The database includes consecutive ICU patients, with true, false, and challenging VTs (unresolved) and could serve as a gold standard database to develop and test new VT algorithms.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.13054","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T12:14:10Z","timestamp":1678364050000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["An annotated ventricular tachycardia (<scp>VT<\/scp>) alarm database: Toward a uniform standard for optimizing automated <scp>VT<\/scp> identification in hospitalized patients"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9456-228X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michele M.","family":"Pelter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Nursing University of California San Francisco School of Nursing  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mary G.","family":"Carey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of Rochester  Rochester New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6862-0658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Salah","family":"Al\u2010Zaiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Acute &amp; Tertiary Care Nursing University of Pittsburgh  Pittsburgh Pennsylvania USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Zegre\u2010Hemsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill  Chapel Hill North Carolina USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claire","family":"Sommargren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Nursing University of California San Francisco School of Nursing  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2595-1959","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lamberto","family":"Isola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AMPS\u2010LLC  New York New York USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priya","family":"Prasad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Division of Hospital Medicine, School of Medicine University of California  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Mortara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Nursing University of California San Francisco School of Nursing  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabio","family":"Badilini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiological Nursing University of California San Francisco School of Nursing  San Francisco California USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_11_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbi.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2017.10.054"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4037\/ccn2009607"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2012.6347345"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/143480"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967\u20103334\/33\/9\/1419"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0967\u20103334\/37\/8\/E5"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2015.7408639"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2345\/0899\u20108205\u201046.4.268"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.NUMA.0000437594.58933.ce"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/EMBC.2014.6944366"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0110274"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-0736(98)80067-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/TCRM.S126191"},{"key":"e_1_2_11_16_1","first-page":"263","article-title":"Development, distribution, and use of the American Heart Association database for ventricular arrhythmia detector evaluation","volume":"7","author":"Hermes R. 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