{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T19:56:20Z","timestamp":1776110180151,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008473","name":"Bournemouth University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008473","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Noninvasive Electrocardiol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Heart rate variability (HRV) is a marker of autonomic function. However, the reliability of short\u2010term HRV measurement in individuals with combat\u2010related traumatic injury (CRTI) remains undetermined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>An intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater reliability study was conducted using a subsample (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200935) of British servicemen with CRTI enrolled in the ongoing ADVANCE study. A five\u2010minute epoch of single\u2010lead electrocardiogram data collected during spontaneous breathing was used to measure HRV. HRV analyses were independently performed by two examiners using Kubios. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), minimum detectable change (MDC), and coefficient of variance were calculated for linear [root mean square of successive difference (RMSSD), standard deviation of NN interval, low\u2010frequency, high\u2010frequency, total power] and nonlinear (SD1\u20102, acceleration and deceleration capacities, sample entropy) measures. Bland\u2013Altman %plots were used to assess bias in intra\u2010 and inter\u2010rater HRV data.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The mean age of participants was 39.3\u2009\u00b1\u20096.3\u2009years. An excellent ICC score of 0.9998 (95% CI 0.9997, 0.9999) was observed for intra\u2010rater analyses of RMSSD, and similar excellent ICC scores were seen for all other HRV measures. The inter\u2010rater reliability analyses produced an excellent ICC score (range 0.97\u20131.00). Comparatively, frequency\u2010domain measures produced higher MDC% and SEM% scores than time\u2010domain and nonlinear measures in both inter\u2010 and intra\u2010rater analyses. The Bland\u2013Altman plots revealed relatively higher bias for frequency\u2010domain and nonlinear measures than time\u2010domain measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>ECG\u2010related short\u2010term HRV measures were reliable in injured servicemen under spontaneous breathing. However, the reliability appeared better with the time\u2010domain measure than frequency\u2010domain and nonlinear measures in this sample.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/anec.70008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T12:39:51Z","timestamp":1724848791000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Intra\u2010 and Inter\u2010Rater Reliability of Linear and Nonlinear Measures of Short\u2010Term Heart Rate Variability Following Combat\u2010Related Traumatic Injury"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8551-0442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rabeea","family":"Maqsood","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Bournemouth University  Bournemouth UK"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susie","family":"Schofield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander\u00a0N.","family":"Bennett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London  London UK"},{"name":"Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre  Loughborough UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Khattab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Bournemouth University  Bournemouth UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anthony\u00a0M.\u00a0J.","family":"Bull","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Injury Studies, Department of Bioengineering Imperial College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola\u00a0T.","family":"Fear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Academic Department of Military Mental Health and King's Centre for Military Health Research King's College London  London UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher\u00a0J.","family":"Boos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health and Social Sciences Bournemouth University  Bournemouth UK"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology University Hospitals Dorset, Poole Hospital  Poole UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the ADVANCE Study","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_12_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph192013587"},{"key":"e_1_2_12_3_1","unstructured":"Arifin W. 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