{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,26]],"date-time":"2025-10-26T14:46:18Z","timestamp":1761489978929},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,20]],"date-time":"2016-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"St. Vincent's Hospital Melbourne Research Endowment Fund"},{"name":"NHMRC Early Career Australian Clinical Fellowship","award":["APP1035810","APP1069374"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1035810","APP1069374"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Antimicrobial prophylaxis at the time of urinary catheter insertion and removal is commonly administered in patients undergoing joint arthroplasty, despite the lack of evidence to support this practice. The rationale is the theoretical risk of prosthetic joint infection arising from bacterial seeding from the urinary tract at the time of catheterization. In an era of antimicrobial stewardship, further assessment is warranted.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study aimed to investigate the incidence of catheter\u2010associated (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content>) bacteriuria and bacteraemia in patients undergoing total joint arthroplasty and to assess the antimicrobial susceptibility of any isolated microorganisms. This prospective observational study undertaken over a 6\u2010month period (May to October 2014) included 99 patients undergoing elective primary hip and knee arthroplasty at St Vincent's Hospital, Melbourne. Urine specimens were collected at insertion and removal of urinary catheters along with blood cultures upon urinary catheter removal.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Overall 98% of the cohort received catheter antimicrobial prophylaxis for urinary catheter insertion and removal; the majority of patients received gentamicin (94%). Bacteriuria on catheter insertion had an incidence of 4.4%. The incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content> bacteriuria was 1.3%. All cultured organisms were sensitive to commonly used antibiotics including cephazolin. There were no cases of bacteraemia with urinary catheter removal. Increasing age, American Society of Anesthesiologists status and female gender were associated with the development of bacteriuria.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CA<\/jats:styled-content> bacteriuria and bacteraemia with antimicrobial prophylaxis is low. This study provokes discussion about the requirement of catheter prophylaxis in this surgical context and the utility of preoperative urine screening.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.13584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T09:05:27Z","timestamp":1461229527000},"page":"153-158","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["What is the role of catheter antibiotic prophylaxis for patients undergoing joint arthroplasty?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Rose\u2010Marie","family":"Scarlato","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical School, University of Notre Dame  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery St Vincent's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle M.","family":"Dowsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery St Vincent's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Surgery St Vincent's Hospital, The University of Melbourne  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kirsty L.","family":"Buising","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases St Vincent's Hospital  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter F. 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