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Fitz from Harvard, Groves from Canada and Tait from Britain all recorded successful removal of the appendix. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">McBurney<\/jats:styled-content> described the point of maximal tenderness in classic appendicitis and also the muscle\u2010splitting incision centred on this point. Priority is given to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">McArthur<\/jats:styled-content> in describing the lateral muscle\u2010splitting incision. The direction of the cutaneous incision was later modified by Elliott and Lanz. Incisions that healed well were essential to recovery. Appendicectomy became a \u2018fashionable\u2019 operation after the London surgeon, Treves, removed the appendix of King Edward <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">VII<\/jats:styled-content>. Through the 20th century, the mortality from appendicitis fell notably with the advent of sulphonamide and penicillin, improvements in fluid therapy and safer anaesthesia. By 1990, diagnostic delay was the main cause of death. Semm performed the first laparoscopic appendicectomy in 1990, roundly criticized at the time for what is now a routine procedure. We view contemporary debates on the indications for appendicectomy, the best approach and how to optimize recovery in the light of the history of this intriguing disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.13627","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]],"date-time":"2016-04-26T23:13:02Z","timestamp":1461712382000},"page":"762-767","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["A history of the treatment of appendicitis in children: lessons learned"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"James K.","family":"Hamill","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Starship Children's Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Hill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, South Auckland Clinical Campus University of Auckland, Middlemore Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","volume-title":"The Life of Reason: The Phases of Human Progress","author":"Santayana G","year":"1905"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1098\/rstl.1735.0071"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.12425"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","first-page":"705","article-title":"An account of the first use of sulphuric ether by inhalation as an an\u00e6sthetic in surgical operations","volume":"5","author":"Long CW","year":"1849","journal-title":"South. 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