{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T02:07:15Z","timestamp":1771034835731,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,9,20]],"date-time":"2016-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1474329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Human papillomavirus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>)\u2010related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content>) are clinically, epidemiologically and prognostically distinct from other <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCCs<\/jats:styled-content>. The incidence of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010related <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCCs<\/jats:styled-content> has increased significantly worldwide over the past few decades. However, no studies of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content> with direct molecular HPV testing has been conducted in New Zealand.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Aims<\/jats:title><jats:p>To estimate the proportion of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCCs<\/jats:styled-content> attributable to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infections in a New Zealand population with a validated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> testing algorithm.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010status was determined by p16 immunohistochemistry and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">polymerase chain reaction (PCR)<\/jats:styled-content> of both <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">L1<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E6<\/jats:styled-content>\/7 genes on 55 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCCs<\/jats:styled-content> diagnosed in 2010 and 2011 in Central and South Auckland. Baseline and survival analyses were performed according to <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> status.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010one (75%) of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content> tumours had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> infections. There was 98% concordance between p16 immunohistochemistry and real\u2010time <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E6<\/jats:styled-content>\/<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E7 PCR<\/jats:styled-content>. After a median follow\u2010up period of 2.6\u2009years, patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content> of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> aetiology had more favourable outcomes compared to patients with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010negative <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content> (hazard ratio 0.14, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02) after adjustment for other variables.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study highlights the significant role that <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HPV<\/jats:styled-content> plays in the aetiology of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">OPSCC<\/jats:styled-content> in New Zealand, and confirms the high rate of accuracy of p16 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