{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T01:28:39Z","timestamp":1792114119278,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1-2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]],"date-time":"2019-10-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To evaluate the efficacy of aspiration and sclerotherapy with 100% alcohol for the primary treatment of benign scrotal cysts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>From March 2014 to March 2018, 114 patients were identified who underwent their first aspiration and sclerotherapy procedure (80 hydroceles and 34 spermatoceles\/epididymal cysts). The procedure was carried out in the outpatient clinic with local anaesthesia. A 16\u2010gauge IV catheter is used to puncture the sac under aseptic conditions. The volume of alcohol instilled was 10% of the aspirated volume (maximum of 50\u2009mL). Patients were then observed in the waiting room and completed a questionnaire. Urology clinic follow up was scheduled at 6\u2009weeks.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>At follow up, 54 patients (67.5%) with hydroceles and 25 patients (73.5%) with spermatoceles\/epididymal cysts had resolution after a single procedure. A second procedure was offered if fluid collection persisted, of which 71% of patients with hydroceles and 100% of patients with spermatoceles\/epididymal cysts had a successful outcome. At a median of 31\u2009months post\u2010initial procedure, the overall success rate, after at most two procedures, was 80% for hydroceles and 85% for spermatoceles\/epididymal cysts. The complication rate was low (6%). Almost all patients were happy to undergo the procedure again, if needed. Persistence following aspiration and sclerotherapy were more likely to occur in younger patients (45.4 versus 61.2\u2009years, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.001). Persistence was not related to the volume of fluid aspirated.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Aspiration and sclerotherapy with alcohol is a reliable, safe and effective technique for treatment of benign scrotal cysts.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.15467","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,19]],"date-time":"2019-10-19T03:02:35Z","timestamp":1571454155000},"page":"57-61","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Aspiration and sclerotherapy of hydroceles and spermatoceles\/epididymal cysts with 100% alcohol"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0507-1356","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li Sian","family":"Low","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Waikato District Health Board  Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shiva M.","family":"Nair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Waikato District Health Board  Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam J. W.","family":"Davies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Waikato District Health Board  Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teresa","family":"Akapita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Waikato District Health Board  Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael A.","family":"Holmes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Waikato District Health Board  Hamilton New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/rg.231025133"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrurol.2010.80"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1998.00815.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.ju.0000052680.03705.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2011.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.juro.2012.11.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1464-410X.1997.00358.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0090-4295(02)02430-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1677-55382011000300003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijsu.2009.07.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1330063"}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ans.15467","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ans.15467","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ans.15467","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T09:12:21Z","timestamp":1694077941000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ans.15467"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"references-count":11,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1-2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ans.15467"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ans.15467","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-06-27","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-08-21","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}