{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,30]],"date-time":"2025-10-30T07:14:42Z","timestamp":1761808482276,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638403200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the context of increasing shortages in the New Zealand medical specialist workforce, this research seeks to answer the question \u2018Are we effectively retaining our New Zealand\u2010trained general surgeons?\u2019<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Semi\u2010structured interviews were undertaken with 16 general surgeons. Participants work in New Zealand and internationally. Interviews were transcribed, coded and themed. Thematic analysis was used to interpret the findings.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>This research finds that we are failing to effectively retain New Zealand\u2010trained general surgeons through haphazard workforce planning and a lack of transparent recruitment processes. General surgeons who choose to take their first SMO role overseas are pushed to do so due to a lack of certainty about job opportunities in New Zealand, bullying, and relative ease of negotiation for job composition and conditions at international hospitals. General surgeons who take their first SMO role in New Zealand feel that securing a job is down to luck, existing relationships with influential people in surgical departments and timing.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The failure to retain New Zealand\u2010trained general surgeons in the New Zealand specialist workforce is amenable to improvements in workforce planning, improved coordination between clinical and administrative leadership in DHBs, and better career development support for trainees prior to receiving their FRACS and embarking on post\u2010fellowship subspecialist training. Further research into the experiences of trainees and SMOs in general surgery and other surgical subspecialties is required to build a complete picture of the path from trainee to SMO, and areas where interventions could improve retention of New Zealand\u2010trained general surgeons.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.17389","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T08:27:09Z","timestamp":1638433629000},"page":"697-702","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["How do New Zealand\u2010trained general surgeons secure a <scp>SMO<\/scp> job? Are we effectively retaining our trainees?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6669-0580","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emma","family":"Espiner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Counties Manukau Health General Surgery Middlemore Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew D.","family":"MacCormick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counties Manukau Health\/University of Auckland  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maree","family":"Weston","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Counties Manukau Health General Surgery Middlemore Hospital  Auckland New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"Research Brief \"Forecasting New Zealand's Future Medical Specialist Workforce Needs\" [Internet]","year":"2019","author":"ASMS","key":"e_1_2_10_2_1"},{"volume-title":"A Window on the Quality of Aotearoa New Zealand's Health Care 2019 \u2013 A View on M\u0101ori Health Equity [Internet]","year":"2019","key":"e_1_2_10_3_1"},{"volume-title":"Life Expectancy [Internet]","year":"2018","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(06)68847-8"},{"volume-title":"Health Workforce and International Migration: Can New Zealand Compete? [Internet]","year":"2008","key":"e_1_2_10_6_1"},{"volume-title":"The New Zealand Medical Workforce in 2019 [Internet]","year":"2020","key":"e_1_2_10_7_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12960-015-0069-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"Personal correspondence with Emmanuel Jo Manager Analytics and Intelligence Health Workforce New Zealand Ministry of Health [email].Retention analysis: General Surgeons in New Zealand. [Cited 10 July 2021]."},{"volume-title":"Taking the Temperature of the Hospital Specialist Workforce [Internet]","year":"2014","key":"e_1_2_10_10_1"},{"volume-title":"Long Term Skill Shortage List [Internet]","year":"2019","key":"e_1_2_10_11_1"},{"volume-title":"How Do I Become a Surgeon","year":"2021","key":"e_1_2_10_12_1"},{"volume-title":"The Role of Health Workforce New Zealand [Internet]","year":"2014","key":"e_1_2_10_13_1"},{"volume-title":"The New Zealand Medical Workforce in 2017 [Internet]","year":"2019","key":"e_1_2_10_14_1"},{"volume-title":"Forecasting Future Medical Specialty Workforces Supply with Age Distribution Using Health Workforce Annual Practicing Certificate Data","year":"2017","author":"Jo E. 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J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","first-page":"8088","article-title":"Stimulating the clinical academics of tomorrow: a survey of research opportunities for medical students in New Zealand","volume":"130","author":"Al\u2010Busaidi IS","year":"2017","journal-title":"NZ Med. J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","first-page":"54","article-title":"Who wants to be a surgeon? Patterns of medical student career choice","volume":"127","author":"Shirley OC","year":"2014","journal-title":"NZ Med. 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