{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T01:56:03Z","timestamp":1772848563516,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]],"date-time":"2023-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1689811200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Backgrounds<\/jats:title><jats:p>Anal cancer is an uncommon condition, occurring at higher rates in specific subpopulations. Clinical experience is limited and substantial changes have recently occurred in our understanding of this condition. We, therefore, set out to characterize patients presenting with anal cancer and investigate whether there have been any changes over the past 20\u2009years.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective audit of cases identified from pathology and clinical databases during the period 1 January 2000 to 31 December 2019.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two hundred and sixteen patients had anal squamous cell carcinomas, comprising 160 (74%) males and 56 (26%) females. Mean age at initial diagnosis was 55.1\u2009\u00b1\u200911.20 for males and 60.6\u2009\u00b1\u200915.18 for females (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.02). At initial diagnosis, HIV\u2010positive cases were significantly younger than HIV negative cases (mean 52.2\u2009\u00b1\u20099.35 vs. 62.8\u2009\u00b1\u200911.61, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001); 46% of cases were classified as intra\u2010anal, 29% perianal and 25% both; 52% were\u2009&gt;\u20092\u2009cm at diagnosis. At presentation, intra\u2010anal cases were larger and more advanced than perianal cases (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.049). Compared with the period 2000\u20132009, anal cancers presented more commonly in 2010\u20132019 (148 vs. 76), were more likely to occur in HIV\u2010negative people and to be diagnosed at a similar stage.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The number of anal cancer cases almost doubled over the study period and people living with HIV presented 10\u2009years younger than others. Perianal cases presented earlier than those originating in intra\u2010anal locations. Together with the large size at diagnosis, this suggests the potential value of screening, particularly for intra\u2010anal cancers in those at high risk.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.18586","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,21]],"date-time":"2023-07-21T05:56:46Z","timestamp":1689919006000},"page":"2697-2705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Anal cancer: a 20\u2010year retrospective study from Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"93","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6082-9345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean","family":"Wong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine University of Notre Dame  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maggie","family":"Allwright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery St Vincent's Hospital Sydney  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"George","family":"Hruby","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology GenesisCare St Vincent's Hospital  Sydney Australia"},{"name":"Medicine University of Sydney  Camperdown New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer M.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cytopathology DHM Pathology Sydney  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HIV and Immunology Unit St Vincent's Hospital Sydney  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fengyi","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohan","family":"Gett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan P.","family":"Meagher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Surgery St Vincent's Hospital Sydney  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1859-0761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard","family":"Hillman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medicine University of Sydney  Camperdown New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"The Kirby Institute University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Dysplasia and Anal Cancer Services St Vincent's Hospital Sydney  Darlinghurst New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"Australian Cancer Incidence and Mortality (AICM) Books: Anal Cancer","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)","year":"2021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.33185"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH12039"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21259"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5858\/arpa.LGT200570"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21388"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","volume-title":"Cancer Data in Australia","author":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare (AIHW)","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-021-00397-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pec.2013.10.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462413486776"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053283"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","volume-title":"Anal Cancer in People Living with HIV","author":"Australasian Society for HIV, Viral Hepatitis and Sexual Health Medicine","year":"2022"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25192"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"240","article-title":"Awareness and knowledge of anal cancer in a community\u2010recruited sample of HIV\u2010negative and HIV\u2010positive gay and bisexual men","volume":"16","author":"Feeney L","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sex. 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