{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,6]],"date-time":"2026-05-06T19:56:18Z","timestamp":1778097378865,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]],"date-time":"2025-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740268800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024735","name":"Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, University of Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024735","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100017511","name":"Metro North Hospital and Health Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100017511","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>There are few realistic and accessible laparoscopic pyeloplasty training models. The aim of this study is to develop a functional training model through user\u2010centered design that depicts the pathological features of pelvicoureteric junction obstruction (PUJO).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Realistic patient\u2010matched anatomical models of the kidney, renal pelvis, and ureter were created based on segmentations of computed tomography (CT) scans of a paediatric patient with PUJO who underwent laparoscopic pyeloplasty. Three training model versions (<jats:italic>polyjet, resin,<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>silicone<\/jats:italic>) were produced, tested, and published. Training model testing was conducted by consultant surgeons (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200914), training surgeons (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20095), and medical students (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20098). Face validity testing was conducted to assess realism and usefulness of training models on a 10\u2010point Likert\u2010type scale. Training model accessibility was assessed using equipment availability and cost to set\u2010up and produce as proxy measures.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Participants significantly preferred <jats:italic>polyjet<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>silicone<\/jats:italic> models over <jats:italic>resin<\/jats:italic> models for overall rating (6.9\u2009\u00b1\u20092.3, 7.9\u2009\u00b1\u20091.1, and 5.0\u2009\u00b1\u20091.8) respectively; and usefulness in trainees (7.6\u2009\u00b1\u20092.1, 8.6\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9, and 5.0\u2009\u00b1\u20093.1) respectively. While both the <jats:italic>polyjet<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>silicone<\/jats:italic> models were found to be realistic and useful, the <jats:italic>silicone<\/jats:italic> model is considered more accessible due to the ready availability of the manufacturing equipment and materials and around 300\u2010fold reduction in cost compared to <jats:italic>polyjet<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>A surgeon\u2010assessed realistic and useful pyeloplasty surgical training\u2009model was developed here which enables surgical practice on challenging small anatomical features. The comparatively low cost and accessibility of the <jats:italic>silicone<\/jats:italic> model can enable trainees to practice the procedure depicting the realistic pathological features in environments with limited resources.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.19373","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,26]],"date-time":"2025-02-26T18:51:24Z","timestamp":1740595884000},"page":"997-1004","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Development and face validity testing of pyeloplasty surgical training models"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"95","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-5295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Georges","family":"Mehawed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute Metro North Health  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urology Redcliffe Hospital  Redcliffe Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"JingJing","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Sourial","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laing","family":"Goostrey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Engineering Queensland University of Technology  Kelvin Grove Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew","family":"Sellwood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Short","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatric Surgery Gold Coast University Hospital  Southport Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Rukin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute Metro North Health  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine University of Queensland  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urology Redcliffe Hospital  Redcliffe Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rebecca","family":"Murray","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute Metro North Health  Herston Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Australian Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology University of Queensland  St Lucia Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Department of Urology Redcliffe Hospital  Redcliffe Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","volume-title":"StatPearls","author":"Al Aaraj MS","year":"2023"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2004.18.748"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(05)65108-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.0317"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2021.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2013.0085"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2006.20.149"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/end.2007.0380"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/iju.IJU_46_18"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpurol.2023.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"283","article-title":"Latex glove\u201d laparoscopic pyeloplasty model: a novel method for simulated training","volume":"8","author":"Raza SJ","year":"2011","journal-title":"Urol. 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