{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,23]],"date-time":"2026-03-23T05:05:50Z","timestamp":1774242350240,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765065600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,7]],"date-time":"2025-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765065600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To characterise the clinical, microbiological, radiological and operative features of Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis (XGP) in a 10\u2010year retrospective case series from the Top End of the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We retrospectively reviewed all histopathologically confirmed XGP cases managed at Royal Darwin Hospital (2014\u20132024). Inclusion criteria were adults undergoing nephrectomy with a final histopathological diagnosis of XGP. Data included demographics, comorbidities, microbiology, imaging and surgical details. Descriptive analysis was performed.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Ten cases were identified, 90% were female and 70% identified as Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander. Mean age was 43.5\u2009years overall, but lower among Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander patients at 39\u2009years. Most resided in remote or very remote areas. Recurrent urinary tract infections and staghorn calculi occurred in 80% of cases.\n                      <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n                        <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:styled-content>\n                      was the most isolated organism. Three patients experienced delays to care due to discharge against medical advice or loss to follow\u2010up; two had encrusted ureteric stents in\u00a0situ for over 5\u2009years. All patients underwent nephrectomy; one laparoscopic case was converted to open. Three procedures were elective. All patients required postoperative ICU admission. No deaths occurred, although one patient developed necrotising fasciitis in the wound.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This first Australian case series of XGP highlights an overrepresentation of Aboriginal and\/or Torres Strait Islander patients. Findings align with global patterns in presentation and management, but underscore regional challenges including delayed care, advanced disease and surgical complexity in the context of chronic health inequities. Culturally safe and community\u2010informed strategies are essential to improve outcomes in this high\u2010risk population.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.70421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,8]],"date-time":"2025-12-08T07:14:58Z","timestamp":1765178098000},"page":"633-636","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous Pyelonephritis in the Top End of Australia: A 10\u2010Year Retrospective Analysis (2014\u20132024)"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6863-5166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Toro Tole","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Urology Department Royal Darwin Hospital  Darwin Australia"},{"name":"Eastern Health Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Melbourne 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