{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,20]],"date-time":"2026-10-20T21:48:42Z","timestamp":1792532922969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766102400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>TRUS Biopsy (TRUS Bx) can be poorly tolerated under local anaesthetic. Virtual Reality (VR) has been shown to reduce pain and anxiety levels as an adjunct to standard analgesia in a range of settings. This includes paediatric procedures, burn wound debridement and gynaecological procedures. However, its effect in TRUS Bx remains unclear. The aim of this study was to determine if intra\u2010procedure VR improved patient pain and satisfaction during TRUS Bx.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A single\u2010centre, parallel\u2010group randomised controlled trial was conducted at Dunedin Hospital. Two hundred and fifty patients presenting for first TRUS Bx were randomised to either conventional TRUS or VR\u2010assisted TRUS over 36\u2009months. The intervention group wore a VR headset with distraction video software, with the control group having standard care. The primary outcome measured patients' pain scores using a visual analogue scale.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Patients reported similar pain when distracted with VR (mean difference [MD] \u20132.6, 95% CI \u20138.5 to 3.2). Similarly, there was no evidence of a difference in \u2018time thinking about pain\u2019 (MD 0.9, 95% CI \u20137.2 to 9.0) or \u2018worst pain\u2019 (pain intensity) (MD \u20132.4, 95% CI \u20138.6 to 3.8). Both groups were equally satisfied with the procedure and would happily accept having the procedure again if needed. VR was not associated with any side effects.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>VR technology did not improve patients' pain and overall satisfaction with TRUS Bx. The inherent vulnerability and invasive nature of the procedure may impact the effectiveness of this distraction technique and prevent its analgesic effects proven in non\u2010urological studies.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.70441","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T09:45:02Z","timestamp":1766137502000},"page":"627-632","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Effect of Virtual Reality as Analgesia for Trans\u2010Rectal Ultrasound Prostate Biopsy on Pain Severity: A Prospectively Randomised Controlled Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0868-3099","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Robinson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern District Health Board Department of Surgery Dunedin Hospital  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir D.","family":"Zarrabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Queenstown Urology  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8540-7365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin M.","family":"Turner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics Centre, Division of Health Sciences University of Otago  Dunedin New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12160-010-9248-7"},{"issue":"10","key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","first-page":"S125","article-title":"Virtual Reality Pain Control During Burn Wound Debridement of Combat\u2010Related Burn Injuries Using Robot\u2010Like Arm Mounted VR Goggles","volume":"71","author":"Maani C. 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