{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T19:40:19Z","timestamp":1783021219358,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Flexible cystoscopy is a common procedure in urology, traditionally performed using reusable flexible cystoscopes. However, concerns over sterilization costs, cross\u2010contamination, and logistics have led to interest in single\u2010use disposable cystoscopes. This study compares the cost\u2010effectiveness of reusable versus disposable cystoscopes at a high\u2010volume academic center. A retrospective threshold cost analysis was performed at a tertiary hospital in Singapore in 2022. Costs that were considered included device purchase, reprocessing and maintenance costs. Common procedural\u2010related costs such as medical manpower costs and costs of consumables were not included in this analysis. In a high\u2010volume center with an annual caseload of 3574 cystoscopies, we identified a cost\u2010equivalent price at SGD 135, above which reusable cystoscopes became more cost\u2010effective. This suggests reusable cystoscopes are economically advantageous in high\u2010volume settings due to the inverse relationship between per\u2010unit cost and annual caseload. However, disposable cystoscopes may still have value in lower\u2010volume centers where the cost\u2010equivalent price is higher. In conclusion, reusable cystoscopes offer cost\u2010efficiency in high\u2010throughput settings, whereas single\u2010use scopes provide logistical and infection\u2010control advantages in selected scenarios. Ongoing evaluation of cost and clinical outcomes is needed to optimize cystoscopy practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.70451","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T12:29:39Z","timestamp":1766492979000},"page":"1508-1512","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["To Throw, or Not to Throw: Threshold Cost Analysis of the Single\u2010Use Flexible Cystoscopy Model in a High\u2010Volume Urology Centre"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9446-3708","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joshua Chek Hao","family":"Foo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Singapore General Hospital  Singapore Singapore"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9446-492X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ernest 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