{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T01:18:12Z","timestamp":1787879892997,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787788800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The use of electric scooters (e\u2010scooters) has become an increasingly common means of transport in various parts of the world, as an affordable form of short distance transport. However, there are associated problems related to limitations of pre\u2010existing infrastructure, legislative considerations, and injuries and deaths resulting from their use. There have been numerous studies regarding non\u2010fatal e\u2010scooter injuries, but few studies of fatalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This paper reviews all e\u2010scooter\u2010related deaths in the state of Queensland, Australia, including deaths resulting from e\u2010scooter battery fires.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Twenty\u2010two deaths were recorded between 2019 and October 2025, with 19 resulting from collisions while being ridden, and three resulting from battery fires while they were charging. All collision\u2010related deaths were of single riders with 16\/19 having at least one identified factor as a potential contributor to the accident, including excessive speed, alcohol intoxication and failure to give way. Head injuries were the most common cause of death, and of note there was poor compliance with the legally mandated use of helmets, with 13\/19 either not wearing a helmet or wearing one incorrectly.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Deaths from e\u2010scooters increased between 2019 and 2024 and were usually the result of head injuries in the context of poor helmet compliance and other behavioural characteristics. Further research comparing e\u2010scooter deaths with other transport modalities is recommended.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.70915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:48:57Z","timestamp":1787878137000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Electric Scooter\u2010Related Deaths in Queensland, Australia"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3186-5165","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathan","family":"Milne","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Pathology and Coronial Services  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, Bond University  Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3587-6320","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jack","family":"Garland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Pathology and Coronial Services  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University  Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rexson","family":"Tse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine and Dentistry, Griffith University  Gold Coast Australia"},{"name":"Forensic Pathology and Coronial Services  Gold Coast Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Beng Beng","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Pathology and Coronial Services  Brisbane Australia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, The University of Queensland  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trd.2020.102230","article-title":"Integrating e\u2010Scooters in Urban Transportation: Problems, Policies, and the Prospect of System Change","volume":"79","author":"G\u00f6ssling S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/su142114303","article-title":"E\u2010Scooter Presence in Urban Areas: Are Consistent Rules, Paying Attention and Smooth Infrastructure Enough for Safety?","volume":"14","author":"della Mura M.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Sustainability"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","unstructured":"Veloz Electric \u201cHow Fast Do Electric Scooters Go? \u201dupdated July 10 2024 https:\/\/velozelectric.com.au\/blogs\/news\/how\u2010fast\u2010do\u2010electric\u2010scooters\u2010go."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","unstructured":"P.Somerville \u201cThe Fastest Accelerating Electric Scooters: Under $600 to Over $2K \u201dupdated October 21 2024 https:\/\/electricscooterguide.com\/fastest\u2010accelerating\u2010electric\u2010scooters\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_1","unstructured":"F.Caldwell \u201cHundreds of Electric Scooters Appear on Brisbane Streets \u201dBrisbane Times 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_1","volume-title":"Queensland Transport Strategy\u2014Our 30\u2010Year Plan for Transport in Queensland","author":"Queensland Government","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_1","unstructured":"Queensland Government \u201cRules for Personal Mobility Devices \u201dupdated February 19 2024 https:\/\/www.qld.gov.au\/transport\/safety\/rules\/wheeled\u2010devices\/personal\u2010mobility\u2010devices."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_1","unstructured":"T.Crockford \u201cDozens of Lime Scooter Helmets Stolen Every Day in Brisbane \u201dBrisbane Times 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.5694\/mja2.50275","article-title":"Illegal and Risky Riding of Electric Scooters in Brisbane","volume":"211","author":"Haworth N. L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medical Journal of Australia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13788","article-title":"Head, Face and Neck Injury Patterns for Electric Scooter Accidents Identified on Computed Tomography Scanning: Does Legislative Change Enforcing Safer Riding Practices Have an Impact on Morbidity for Significant Head, Face and Neck Trauma?","volume":"68","author":"Watson N.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"409","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.13419","article-title":"Emergency Department Impact Following the Introduction of an Electric Scooter Sharing Service","volume":"32","author":"Beck S.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4847","DOI":"10.1007\/s00068-022-02019-5","article-title":"Risk Assessment, Consequences, and Epidemiology of Electric Scooter Accidents Admitted to an Emergency Department: A Prospective Observational Study","volume":"48","author":"Gan\u2010El E.","year":"2022","journal-title":"European Journal of Trauma and Emergency Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"443","DOI":"10.4055\/cios20275","article-title":"Epidemiology, Injury Severity, and Pattern of Standing e\u2010Scooter Accidents: 6\u2010Month Experience From a German Level I Trauma Center","volume":"13","author":"Graef F.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajem.2021.02.019","article-title":"Characterization of Electric Scooter Injuries Over 27 Months at an Urban Level 1 Trauma Center","volume":"45","author":"Lavoie\u2010Gagne O.","year":"2021","journal-title":"American Journal of Emergency Medicine"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00402-020-03589-y","article-title":"Incidence and Severity of Electric Scooter Related Injuries After Introduction of an Urban Rental Programme in Vienna: A Retrospective Multicentre Study","volume":"141","author":"Moftakhar T.","year":"2021","journal-title":"Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-019-7210-6","article-title":"The Price of Personal Mobility: Burden of Injury and Mortality From Personal Mobility Devices in Singapore\u2014A Nationwide Cohort Study","volume":"19","author":"Tan A. L.","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.14102","article-title":"The Rise and Falls of Electronic Scooters: A Tasmanian Perspective on Electronic Scooter Injuries","volume":"35","author":"Jamieson J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"930","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.13356","article-title":"Impact of Electric Scooters to a Tertiary Emergency Department: 8\u2010Week Review After Implementation of a Scooter Share Scheme","volume":"31","author":"Mitchell G.","year":"2019","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.14170","article-title":"Electric Scooter\u2010Related Trauma, Alcohol and Other Drugs","volume":"35","author":"Mitra B.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1111\/1742-6723.14090","article-title":"Impact on the Health Service in the Top End, Northern Territory Following the Introduction of an Electric Scooter Sharing Service","volume":"35","author":"Moran J.","year":"2023","journal-title":"Emergency Medicine Australasia"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1890","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.18538","article-title":"Western Australian State Trauma Registry Analysis of Incidence and Injury Patterns Associated With E\u2010Scooter Injuries: 5\u2010Year Retrospective Case Series","volume":"93","author":"Raubenheimer K.","year":"2023","journal-title":"ANZ Journal of Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssci.2022.105811","article-title":"Characteristics of Early Shared E\u2010Scooter Fatalities in the United States 2018\u20132020","volume":"153","author":"Karpinski E.","year":"2022","journal-title":"Safety Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.injury.2024.111836","article-title":"Fatal Traffic Accidents Involving Electric Scooters in Poland in 2019\u20102023","volume":"55","author":"Rzepczyk S.","year":"2024","journal-title":"Injury"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8540","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-023-35728-x","article-title":"Effectiveness of Bicycle Helmets and Injury Prevention: A Systematic Review of Meta\u2010Analyses","volume":"13","author":"Buth C. 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Queensland Government Open Data Portal Report No.: 1398 (2024)."}],"container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ans.70915","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/ans.70915","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/ans.70915","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T00:49:01Z","timestamp":1787878141000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/ans.70915"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"references-count":29,"alternative-id":["10.1111\/ans.70915"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/ans.70915","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1445-1433","1445-2197"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1445-1433","type":"print"},{"value":"1445-2197","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-02-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-06","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-08-27","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"ans.70915"}}