{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T03:13:28Z","timestamp":1788146008137,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":11,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ANZ Journal of Surgery"],"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Outcomes in aesthetic breast surgery are dependent on accurate pre\u2010operative breast measurements. The accuracy of large scale 3\u2010dimentional scanners has been reported, the use of handheld scanners has not been described.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The authors aimed to determine the trueness of anthropometric measurements of breasts obtained from a handheld 3D scan compared to direct measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three raters measured the breasts of 19 women using three anthropometric measurements (direct) measurements: sternal notch to nipple (Sn\u2010N), nipple to inframammary fold (N\u2010IMF), base width (BW). The measurements were taken directly by two raters using a measuring tape, and digitally by one rater using the software on 3D scans acquired with the Artec Leo handheld 3D scanner. Statistical analysis was completed with Bland\u2013Altman plots as well as scatter plots to identify bias between the two methods.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The study found that the 3D scanner showed varying levels of bias when compared to direct breast measurements. Sn\u2010N measurement showed smaller differences, while the N\u2010IMF and BW measurements exhibited larger discrepancies. The 3D scanning process was significantly faster, taking only 30\u2009s per scan, compared to roughly 5\u2009min for direct measurements, with an additional 10\u2009min for image processing and digital measurements.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Three\u2010dimensional scanning is most accurate for Sn\u2010N and is more variable when measuring BW and N\u2010IMF due to obscured landmarks on frontal imaging. The BW and N\u2010IMF measurements also showed the most inter\u2010rater variability. Consistent with previous research 3D scanning has limited trueness when measuring N\u2010IMF as it is a dynamic measurement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/ans.70935","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T02:14:36Z","timestamp":1788142476000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Validation of a Three\u2010Dimensional Handheld Scanner in Measuring Breast Anthropometrics"],"prefix":"10.1111","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3411-8341","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Holek","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Queen Elizabeth Jubilee Hospital  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3014-5652","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathilde R. Desselle","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gwenda","family":"Chapman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-3590-7393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Isabel","family":"Byram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herston Biofabrication Institute  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4733-8020","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shiv","family":"Chopra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Brisbane Hospital  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5308-5605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Owen","family":"Ung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Brisbane Hospital  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0929-5215","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Wagels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princess Alexandra Hospital  Brisbane Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1097\/PRS.0b013e3181c4966e","article-title":"Mammometrics: The Standardization of Aesthetic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery","volume":"125","author":"Tepper O. 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C.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. Global Open"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"616","DOI":"10.1093\/asj\/sjx232","article-title":"Three\u2010Dimensional Imaging and Breast Measurements: How Predictable Are We?","volume":"38","author":"Steen K.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Aesthetic Surgery Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","volume-title":"Breast Reconstruction","author":"Janzekovic J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","volume-title":"ISO 5725\u20101:1994. Accuracy (Trueness and Precision) of Measurement Methods and Results\u2014Part 1: General Principles and Definitions","author":"International Organization for Standardization","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"135","DOI":"10.1177\/096228029900800204","article-title":"Measuring Agreement in Method Comparison Studies","volume":"8","author":"Bland J. 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