{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,10]],"date-time":"2026-02-10T19:56:30Z","timestamp":1770753390531,"version":"3.50.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]],"date-time":"2013-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1369785600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To compare pregnancy outcomes in cutaneous lupus erythematosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLE<\/jats:styled-content>) with systemic lupus erythematosus (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>) and healthy pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Design<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cohort comparative study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Setting<\/jats:title><jats:p>Two university maternity centers in Saudi Arabia and Egypt.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Population<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnant women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLE<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content> and healthy pregnant women.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Over a three\u2010year period, 201 participants were allocated to three groups: group 1 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a067) contained women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLE<\/jats:styled-content>, group 2 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a067) women with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>, and group 3 healthy controls (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a067). Diagnosis of lupus erythematosus was based on American College of Rheumatology criteria. All participants were followed until delivery. Lupus exacerbation was evaluated by Lupus Activity Index score. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ANOVA<\/jats:styled-content> and chi\u2010squared tests were used to compare obstetrical and neonatal outcomes, and regression analysis was used to define independent factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Main outcome measures<\/jats:title><jats:p>Pregnancy losses, preterm labor, intrauterine growth restriction, preeclampsia, neonatal intensive care unit admissions, cesarean sections and lupus exacerbations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was no significant difference between groups 1 and 3 in rates of pregnancy loss, preterm labor, preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction and neonatal intensive care admission. Group 1 had lower pregnancy loss (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.005), growth restriction (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), preeclampsia (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05), neonatal intensive care admissions (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.001), cesarean section (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.03), lupus exacerbations (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.05) and anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies (<jats:italic>p\u00a0<\/jats:italic>=<jats:italic>\u00a0<\/jats:italic>0.02) compared with group 2. In groups 1 and 2, lupus exacerbation and anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies were significant independent factors for adverse outcomes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cutaneous lupus erythematosus means comparable pregnancy outcomes to those of the healthy population. Lower rates of disease exacerbation and anti\u2010phospholipid antibodies are potential factors for better pregnancy outcome in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CLE<\/jats:styled-content> compared with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SLE<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12158","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,26]],"date-time":"2013-04-26T14:18:40Z","timestamp":1366985920000},"page":"934-942","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Does cutaneous lupus erythematosus have more favorable pregnancy outcomes than systemic disease? A two\u2010center study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Hossam O.","family":"Hamed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salah R.","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Abdallatif","family":"Alzolibani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manal M.","family":"Kamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Physiology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marwa S.","family":"Mostafa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Qassim University Buraidah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rania M.","family":"Gamal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dalia A.A.","family":"Atallah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diaa\u2010Eldeen M.","family":"Abd\u2010El\u2010Aall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken458"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1874312900802010089"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/39.9.1014"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2011.11.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0961203310378669"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","first-page":"732","article-title":"Prospective study of pregnancy in systemic lupus erythematosus. 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