{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:23:33Z","timestamp":1791555813558,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,28]],"date-time":"2015-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1443398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>It is already known that embryo quality is a major contributing factor to the outcome of assisted reproduction techniques. This study focuses on treatment variables that might be of importance to the outcome of intracytoplasmic sperm injection following testicular sperm extraction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TESE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICSI<\/jats:styled-content>) in non\u2010obstructive azoospermia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a Dutch tertiary care academic training hospital between July 2009 and December 2013. With logistic regression analysis we explored the influence of treatment variables, including testicular sperm parameters \u2013 (i) motile or tail touch spermatozoa, and (ii) use of fresh or frozen testicular semen\u2010samples \u2013 on biochemical and ongoing pregnancy rates after single (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 393) and double embryo transfer (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 352).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified the rank of the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TESE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICSI<\/jats:styled-content> attempt [odds ratio (OR) 0.8, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.70\u20130.93], the number of embryos available for transfer (OR 1.1, 95% CI 1.06\u20131.19) and quality of the embryo(s) transferred (OR 12.8, 95% CI 5.00\u201332.67) as possible predictors of biochemical pregnancy, whereas only embryo quality (OR 16.9, 95% CI 5.23\u201354.87) was independently associated with ongoing pregnancy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of cryopreserved testicular sperm does not negatively influence the ongoing pregnancy and live birth rate after <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TESE<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">ICSI<\/jats:styled-content>. However, sperm motility seems to increase the pregnancy rate through its influence on embryo quality. Therefore, fresh <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TESE<\/jats:styled-content> has no added value when there is still cryopreserved testicular sperm available. Motile sperm is preferred for injection, but the use of tail touch sperm results in an acceptable treatment outcome.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12769","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,9,7]],"date-time":"2015-09-07T13:56:49Z","timestamp":1441634209000},"page":"1313-1321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["The influence of sperm motility and cryopreservation on the treatment outcome after intracytoplasmic sperm injection following testicular sperm extraction"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"94","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5823-7922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marloes","family":"Hessel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2607-6954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johanna C.M.","family":"Robben","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6735-3682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kathleen W.M.","family":"D'Hauwers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Urology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0847-3684","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didi D.M.","family":"Braat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen The 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