{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,27]],"date-time":"2025-08-27T16:21:07Z","timestamp":1756311667106,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]],"date-time":"2017-01-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1484524800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013232","name":"Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013232","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aims were to describe causes of death associated with unplanned out\u2010of\u2010institution births, and to study whether they could be prevented.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Retrospective population\u2010based observational study based on data from the Medical Birth Registry of Norway and medical records. Between 1 January 1999 and 31 December 2013, 69 perinatal deaths among 6027 unplanned out\u2010of\u2010institution births, whether unplanned at home, during transportation, or unspecified, were selected for enquiry. Hospital records were investigated and cases classified according to Causes of Death and Associated Conditions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>63 cases were reviewed. There were 25 (40%) antepartum deaths, 10 (16%) intrapartum deaths, and 24 neonatal (38%) deaths. Four cases were in the unknown death category (6%). Both gestational age and birthweight followed a bimodal distribution with modes at 24 and 38 weeks and 750 and 3400 g, respectively. The most common main cause of death was infection (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14, 22%), neonatal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14, 22%, nine due to extreme prematurity) and placental (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 12, 19%, seven placental abruptions). There were 86 associated conditions, most commonly perinatal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 32), placental (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 15) and maternal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14). Further classification revealed that the largest subgroup was associated perinatal conditions\/sub\u2010optimal care, involving 25 cases (40%), most commonly due to sub\u2010optimal maternal use of available care (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 14, 22%).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Infections, neonatal, and placental causes accounted for almost two\u2010thirds of perinatal mortality associated with unplanned out\u2010of\u2010institution births in Norway. Sub\u2010optimal maternal use of available care was found in more than one\u2010fifth of cases.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13067","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,11,25]],"date-time":"2016-11-25T16:38:30Z","timestamp":1480091910000},"page":"326-333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Why babies die in unplanned out\u2010of\u2010institution births: an enquiry into perinatal deaths in Norway 1999\u20132013"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Bj\u00f6rn","family":"Gunnarsson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation Dr\u00f8bak Norway"},{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sigurd","family":"Fasting","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine St. Olav's University Hospital Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eirik","family":"Skogvoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine St. Olav's University Hospital Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander K.","family":"Sm\u00e1rason","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Health Science Research University of Akureyri Akureyri Iceland"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Akureyri Hospital Akureyri Iceland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell \u00c5.","family":"Salvesen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health Norwegian University of Science and Technology Trondheim Norway"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology St. Olav's University Hospital Trondheim Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.12450"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"Maternal newborn child and adolescent health.World Health Organization. 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