{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T12:49:32Z","timestamp":1791377372846,"version":"4.3.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]],"date-time":"2017-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1491782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The primary aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence of the individual conditions and of associated anomalies in fetuses with the prenatal diagnosis of enlarged posterior fossa (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content>) and to explore the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound in these anomalies. The secondary aim was to evaluate the postnatal outcome of children affected by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content> anomalies.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>All fetuses with enlarged <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content> detected by prenatal sonography at a referral center from 2001 to 2015 were analyzed retrospectively. Some were also studied by fetal magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) or volume ultrasound examinations. Fetal sonographic and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content> were compared using following classification: Dandy\u2013Walker malformation (DWM); <jats:italic>megacisterna magna<\/jats:italic> (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCM<\/jats:styled-content>); Blake's pouch cyst; isolated vermian hypoplasia; vermian agenesis; <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content> arachnoid cyst (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content>); and cerebellar hypoplasia (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The ultrasound diagnoses of the 69 fetuses were as follows: <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCM<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 29; of these isolated <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 15), DWM (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 28, isolated <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 4), vermian hypoplasia (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 5, isolated <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 4), Blake's pouch cyst (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 4, isolated <jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 1), <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CH<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 2; none isolated) and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">AC<\/jats:styled-content> in the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content> (<jats:italic>n =<\/jats:italic> 1, isolated). Thirteen of the 41 karyotyped fetuses were aneuploid, including seven with DWM. Associated malformations were found in 37\/69 cases. There were 39 live births, including 11 with confirmed DWM, six of whom show a normal development. Twelve infants with isolated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCM<\/jats:styled-content> show normal development. There were eight false\u2010positive prenatal diagnoses (or resolution until birth) of \u201cenlarged <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content>\u201d: three with Blake's pouch cyst, two with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCM<\/jats:styled-content> and one with vermian hypoplasia.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>An enlarged <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PF<\/jats:styled-content> requires specific diagnoses for the best possible counseling. The term \u201c<jats:italic>Dandy\u2013Walker variant<\/jats:italic>\u201d should not be used anymore. Isolated <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MCM<\/jats:styled-content> and Blake's pouch cyst can either resolve or be normal variants, but may also indicate the presence of a more severe anomaly or associated malformations.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13131","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,3,14]],"date-time":"2017-03-14T21:33:11Z","timestamp":1489527191000},"page":"837-843","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":39,"title":["Enlarged posterior fossa on prenatal imaging: differential diagnosis, associated anomalies and postnatal outcome"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"given":"Anja","family":"W\u00fcest","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7705-1584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Surbek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roland","family":"Wiest","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Weisstanner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Harald","family":"Bonel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Steinlin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatric Neurology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3957-3810","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luigi","family":"Raio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Inselspital University of Bern Bern Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8442-3865","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Boris","family":"Tutschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prenatal Z\u00fcrich Z\u00fcrich Switzerland"},{"name":"Medical Faculty Heinrich Heine University D\u00fcsseldorf Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.14900"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.15755"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00301017"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.3909"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.4072"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1469-0705.1994.04010034.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2214\/ajr.153.6.1289"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.2196"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","first-page":"1074","article-title":"Analysis and classification of cerebellar malformations","volume":"23","author":"Patel S","year":"2002","journal-title":"AJNR Am J Neuroradiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.2777"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0883073811420148"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pd.3828"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ymgme.2003.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/uog.11101"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0032-1325538"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-993837"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00019605-200201000-00003"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00381-005-0007-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiology.193.3.7972820"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","first-page":"809","article-title":"Neuroimaging parameters in early open spina bifida detection. 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