{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:48:30Z","timestamp":1762004910148,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]],"date-time":"2017-10-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1509321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005689","name":"G\u00f6teborgs L\u00e4kares\u00e4llskap","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005689","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005760","name":"G\u00f6teborgs Universitet","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005760","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["obgyn.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The aim of this study was to describe and compare contraceptive use, fertility, birth, and abortion rates in the Nordic countries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Material and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>National data on births, abortions, fertility rate (1975\u20132013), redeemed prescriptions of hormonal contraceptives and sales figures of copper intrauterine devices (2008\u20132013) among women 15\u201349 years of age in the Nordic countries were collected and analyzed.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Use of hormonal contraceptives and copper intrauterine devices varied between 31 and 44%. The highest use was in Denmark (39\u201344%) and Sweden (40\u201342%). Combined hormonal contraception followed by the levonorgestrel\u2010releasing intrauterine system were the most common methods. During 1975\u20132013 abortion rates decreased in Denmark (from 27\/1000 women to 15\/1000 women aged 15\u201344\/1000 women) and Finland (from 20 to 10\/1000 women), remained stable in Norway (\u224816) and Sweden (\u224820) and increased in Iceland (from 6 to 15\/1000 women). Birth rates remained stable around 60\/1000 women aged 15\u201344 in all countries except for Iceland where the birth rate decreased from 95 to 65\/1000 women. Abortion rates were highest in the age group 20\u201324 years. In the same age group, Sweden had a lower contraceptive use (51%) compared with Denmark (59%) and Norway (56%) and a higher abortion rate 33\/1000 compared with Denmark (25\/1000) and Norway (27\/1000).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In contrast to the declining average fertility and birth rates in Europe, rates in the Nordic countries remain high and stable despite high contraceptive use and liberal access to abortion on women's request.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/aogs.13232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,18]],"date-time":"2017-09-18T14:10:03Z","timestamp":1505743803000},"page":"1414-1422","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["High birth rates despite easy access to contraception and abortion: a cross\u2010sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"96","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2405-0662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Helena","family":"Hognert","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9875-4991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Finn E.","family":"Skjeldestad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group Epidemiology of Chronic Diseases Department of Community Medicine Faculty of Health Sciences UiT The Arctic University of Norway Troms\u00f8 Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6516-1444","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kristina","family":"Gemzell\u2010Danielsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women's and Children's Health Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology Karolinska Institutet Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8671-130X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oskari","family":"Heikinheimo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0400-5509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ian","family":"Milsom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00d8jvind","family":"Lidegaard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics &amp; Gynecology Faculty of Health Sciences Rigshospitalet University Hospital University of Copenhagen Copenhagen Denmark"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ingela","family":"Lindh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Sahlgrenska Academy at Gothenburg University Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,10,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Eurostat.Fertility statistics 2015. 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